ArticlePloS one2023
Factors associated with maternal health services utilization in Pakistan: Evidence from Pakistan maternal mortality survey, 2019.
Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Maternal health service utilization in the Jimma Zone, Ethiopia: results from a baseline study for mobile phone messaging interventions.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Trial
- Nexus between sociocultural practices and maternal mortality in Pakistan: a geospatial analysis using Spatial Durbin model and multiscale geographically weighted regression.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Trends and Inequities Related to Antenatal Care Utilization Among Pakistani Women From 1990 to 2019: An Insight From Demographic and Health Surveys.Journal of pregnancy · 2026Review
- Mapping Geographic Disparities in Healthcare Access Barriers Among Married Women in Pakistan: Evidence from a Nationally Representative Survey.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The nexus between healthcare provider distribution and neonatal mortality based on the context of maternal and child healthcare services in Pakistan.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- Factors associated with completion of maternal health services, a cross-sectional study among women at an outpatient facility in Northern Uganda.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Patterns of care-seeking for postpartum symptoms in urban Karachi, Pakistan: implications for intervention design.Reproductive health · 2025Article
- Article
- Measuring spatial inequalities in maternal and child mortalities in Pakistan: evidence from geographically weighted regression.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Predictors of antenatal care services utilization by pregnant women in Afghanistan: Evidence from the Afghanistan Health Survey 2018.PloS one · 2024Article
- Frequency and factors associated with focused antenatal care in Guinea: Analysis of the DHS 2018.Journal of public health in Africa · 2024Article
- Predictors of Adherence to an Online Prenatal Education Course for Pregnant Women: A Retrospective Cohort Study.SAGE open nursingArticle
- Navigating challenges in access to antenatal and intrapartum care: Afghan refugee women's experiences amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan.Women's health (London, England)Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundThis study investigates the factors associated with maternal health services utilization in Pakistan using two outcome indicators, ideal antenatal care (IANC), defined as the pregnant woman receiving all the essential services included in standard antenatal care, and skilled birth attendance (SBA).
methodsThis study used the Pakistan Maternal Mortality Survey 2019 data. The study utilized binary logistic regression models to investigate the adjusted association between the outcome variables, separately for IANC and SBA, and the independent variables, education, wealth, parity, and residence.
resultsWealth showed a positive association with utilization of IANC (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 11.48, 95% CI = 7.76, 16.99) and SBA (AOR = 4.37, 95% CI = 3.30,5. 80). Maternal age was associated only with IANC for women aged 35 or more years (AOR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.06, 1.62). Increased likelihood of utilization of IANC and SBA services was also observed for women with formal education. Women who had 3-5 previous live births had higher odds of using IANC and SBA than women who had 1-2 or more than five previous live births. Urban residency was not correlated with either IANC or SBA.
conclusionWhen compared to the wealthy and educated quintile, women in the lower wealth quintile and those without any formal education were less likely to utilize ANC and SBA services. A comprehensive and multipronged approach from the health and education sectors is needed to improve maternal health in Pakistan.
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