SynthesisPsychological bulletin2024
Prenatal stress and externalizing behaviors in childhood and adolescence: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Psychological bulletin, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prenatal Maternal Stress and Infant Gut Microbiome in Human and Animal Studies: A Comprehensive Systematic Review.Developmental psychobiology · 2026Pooled it
- Gestational Low-Dose Bisphenol A Exposure Enhances Susceptibility to Metabolic Disorders in Adult Offspring Mice: Role of the Gut Microbiota-SCFAs-GPRs Axis.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Maternal Stress During Pregnancy Induces Higher Anxiety-Like Behavior in Male Mice Offspring Under Acute Stress by Upregulating CRF/CRFR1 and Driving Time-Specific Activation of the MHb-IPN Circuit.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Article
- Does gestational vitamin D attenuate the negative effects of prenatal depression on offspring emotional and behavioral problems? Findings in the ECHO cohort.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Perceived Stress During Pregnancy and Offspring Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Findings From the ECHO Cohort Study.JAACAP open · 2026Article
- Associations between Prenatal Perceived Stress and Child Autism-Related Traits in the ECHO Cohort.The Journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Annual Research Review: Early conduct problems - precursors, outcomes, and etiology.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Review
- Maternal adverse childhood experiences and prenatal stress: Intergenerational transmission and offspring mental health in the ECHO Cohort.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Timing of Prenatal Stress Exposure Predicts Infant Sympathetic Nervous System and Affective Responses.Developmental psychobiology · 2026Article
- The impact of less severe intimate partner aggression on child conduct problems.JCPP advances · 2026Article
- Associations of neighborhood deprivation and household income during pregnancy on child externalizing and internalizing problems.Development and psychopathology · 2026Article
- Developmental Cascades From Prenatal Tobacco, Tobacco-cannabis Co-exposure to Early school-age externalizing Problems.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2026Article
- Developmental origins of immune function: Maternal prenatal mood is associated with infant immune cell gene expression.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- The mediating role of pregnancy-related anxiety between fetal movement self-monitoring adherence and maternal-fetal attachment in the third trimester.Frontiers in global women's health · 2026Article
- Biological research involving people with lived experience of childhood trauma: a trauma-informed approach.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Development and reporting of a specialised antenatal music therapy intervention using the MRC framework and TIDieR checklist.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Associations among prenatal stress, socioeconomic status, and infant epigenetic aging.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- Maternal Stress and Child Development: The Moderating Role of Interactive Shared Reading.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Prospective associations of prenatal stress with child behavior: Moderation by the early childhood caregiving environment.Development and psychopathology · 2025Article
- Prenatal maternal stress: triangulating evidence for intrauterine exposure effects on birth and early childhood outcomes across multiple approaches.BMC medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that psychological distress during pregnancy is linked to offspring risk for externalizing outcomes (e.g., reactive/aggressive behaviors, hyperactivity, and impulsivity). Effect sizes across studies have varied widely, however, due to differences in study design and methodology, including control for the confounding continuation of distress in the postnatal period. Clarifying these inconsistencies is necessary to guide the precision of prevention efforts and inform public health policies. A meta-analysis was conducted with 55 longitudinal studies to investigate the association between prenatal psychological distress (anxiety, depression, and perceived stress) and offspring externalizing behaviors. Results revealed a significant but small effect (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.