ArticleMolecular biology reports2023
PPAR-γ promotes the polarization of rat retinal microglia to M2 phenotype by regulating the expression of CD200-CD200R1 under hypoxia.
Article in Molecular biology reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- mTORC2 regulates lipid metabolism-driven TAMs via the PPAR-γ/CD36 pathway to promote liposarcoma progression.Adipocyte · 2026Article
- Infection control in the brain and the eye.Acta ophthalmologica · 2026Review
- Integrated hydrogel system targeting AMPK/PPARγ signaling in osteoarthritis immunometabolic regulation.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- The signaling pathway of PPAR-γ and its protective role in various diseases.Caspian journal of internal medicine · 2026Review
- Activation of Hippocampal ACE2 Prevents the Dysbiosis-induced Depression-like Behavior in Mice by Enhanced Neurogenesis and Neuroprotection via Mas Receptor.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Article
- Cannabinoids' Role in Modulating Central and Peripheral Immunity in Neurodegenerative Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The therapeutic effects of curcumin on polycystic ovary syndrome by upregulating PPAR-γ expression and reducing oxidative stress in a rat model.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- CD200-CD200R Pathway: A Regulator of Microglial Polarization in Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRecent reports suggest that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) could promote microglial M2 polarization to inhibit inflammation. However, the specific molecular mechanisms that trigger PPAR-γ's anti-inflammatory ability in microglia are yet to be expounded. Thus, in this study, we aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms behind the anti-inflammatory effects of PPAR-γ in hypoxia-stimulated rat retinal microglial cells. METHODS AND
resultsWe used shRNA expressing lentivirus to knock down PPAR-γ and CD200 genes, and we assessed hypoxia-induced polarization markers release - M1 (iNOS, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and M2 (Arg-1, YM1, IL-4, and IL-10) by RT-PCR. We also monitored PPAR-γ-related signals (PPAR-γ, PPAR-γ in cytoplasm or nucleus, CD200, and CD200Rs) by Western blot and RT-PCR. Our results showed that hypoxia enhanced PPAR-γ and CD200 expressions in microglial cells. Moreover, PPAR-γ agonist 15d-PGJ
conclusionOur findings demonstrated that PPAR-γ performed an anti-inflammatory function in hypoxia-stimulated microglial cells by promoting their polarization to M2 phenotype via the CD200-CD200R1 pathway.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.