SynthesisDigestive diseases and sciences2024
Proton Pump Inhibitors Increases Longitudinal Risk of Mortality, Decompensation, and Infection in Cirrhosis: A Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- KASL clinical practice guidelines for liver cirrhosis: Ascites and related complications 2026.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2026Article
- Proton pump inhibitors have no effect on short or long term rebleeding or mortality in patients with overt gastrointestinal bleeding.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Proton Pump Inhibitor Use in Patients With Cirrhosis and Its Association With Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis.The Journal of pharmacy technology : jPT : official publication of the Association of Pharmacy Technicians · 2025Article
- Clinical, Microbiological, and Antibiotic Treatment Characteristics of Bacterial Infections in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis in China: A Multicenter Study.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2025Article
- Microbial Approaches to Treat and Prevent Hepatic Encephalopathy.Gastroenterology clinics of North America · 2025Review
- Infection risk and management in patients with cirrhosis: A critical overview.World journal of hepatology · 2025Article
- Prevalence and longitudinal effects on mortality associated with spectrum of alcohol intake in steatotic liver disease: a United States population study.Hepatobiliary surgery and nutrition · 2025Article
- Proton Pump Inhibitors in Patients with Cirrhosis: Pharmacokinetics, Benefits and Drawbacks.Current gastroenterology reports · 2024Review
- Proton Pump Inhibitors and Oral-Gut Microbiota: From Mechanism to Clinical Significance.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- [Bleeding in liver diseases].Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors at 7 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimsProton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are frequently prescribed to cirrhotic patients, but there is limited longitudinal evidence regarding their effects. This study aimed to assess the impact of PPIs on adverse events in cirrhotic patients.
methodsA comprehensive search was conducted using the Medline and Embase databases to identify relevant articles. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) using DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model were calculated to evaluate the risk of adverse events such as long-term mortality, hepatic decompensation, hepatic encephalopathy (HE), spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), and overall infection in cirrhotic patients with PPI use.
resultsThe analysis included 28 studies with 260,854 cirrhotic patients. The prevalence of PPI use among cirrhotic patients was 55.93%. The use of PPIs was not significantly associated with short-term mortality in cirrhotic patients. However, long-term mortality (HR 1.321, 95% CI 1.103-1.581, P = 0.002), decompensation (HR 1.646, 95% CI 1.477-1.835, P < 0.001), HE (HR 1.968, 95% CI 1.372-2.822, P < 0.001), SBP (HR 1.751, 95% CI 1.649-1.859, P < 0.001), and infection (HR 1.370, 95% CI 1.148-1.634, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with PPI use. Sensitivity analysis with prospective studies yielded similar results.
conclusionPPIs should be reserved for appropriate indications at lowest effective dose for cirrhotic patients due to the potential harm.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.