Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37968370›Full record

ReviewJournal of experimental orthopaedics2023

A practical guide to the implementation of AI in orthopaedic research - part 1: opportunities in clinical application and overcoming existing challenges.

Bálint Zsidai, Ann-Sophie Hilkert, Janina Kaarre, Eric Narup, Eric Hamrin Senorski, Alberto Grassi, Christophe Ley, Umile Giuseppe Longo, Elmar Herbst, Michael T Hirschmann and 6 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of experimental orthopaedics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Article
  4. Artificial intelligence in orthopaedics: Enhanced examinations, ambient intelligence and the future of clinical practice.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2026
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  9. FDA-Cleared Artificial Intelligence Medical Devices in Orthopaedic Surgery.Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Bálint ZsidaiSahlgrenska Sports Medicine Center, Gothenburg, Sweden. balint.zsidai@gu.se.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5697-6577
Ann-Sophie HilkertDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Janina KaarreSahlgrenska Sports Medicine Center, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Eric NarupSahlgrenska Sports Medicine Center, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Eric Hamrin SenorskiSahlgrenska Sports Medicine Center, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Alberto GrassiDepartment of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Christophe LeyDepartment of Mathematics, University of Luxembourg, Esch-Sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
Umile Giuseppe LongoDepartment of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome, Italy.
Elmar HerbstDepartment of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
Michael T HirschmannDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Head Knee Surgery and DKF Head of Research, Kantonsspital Baselland, 4101, Bruderholz, Switzerland.
Sebastian KopfCenter of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Brandenburg a.d.H., Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 14770, Brandenburg a.d.H., Germany.
Romain SeilDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Luxembourg and Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
Thomas TischerClinic for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Malteser Waldkrankenhaus St. Marien, Erlangen, Germany.
Kristian SamuelssonSahlgrenska Sports Medicine Center, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Robert FeldtDepartment of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
ESSKA Artificial Intelligence Working Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to transform medical research by improving disease diagnosis, clinical decision-making, and outcome prediction. Despite the rapid adoption of AI and machine learning (ML) in other domains and industry, deployment in medical research and clinical practice poses several challenges due to the inherent characteristics and barriers of the healthcare sector. Therefore, researchers aiming to perform AI-intensive studies require a fundamental understanding of the key concepts, biases, and clinical safety concerns associated with the use of AI. Through the analysis of large, multimodal datasets, AI has the potential to revolutionize orthopaedic research, with new insights regarding the optimal diagnosis and management of patients affected musculoskeletal injury and disease. The article is the first in a series introducing fundamental concepts and best practices to guide healthcare professionals and researcher interested in performing AI-intensive orthopaedic research studies. The vast potential of AI in orthopaedics is illustrated through examples involving disease- or injury-specific outcome prediction, medical image analysis, clinical decision support systems and digital twin technology. Furthermore, it is essential to address the role of human involvement in training unbiased, generalizable AI models, their explainability in high-risk clinical settings and the implementation of expert oversight and clinical safety measures for failure. In conclusion, the opportunities and challenges of AI in medicine are presented to ensure the safe and ethical deployment of AI models for orthopaedic research and clinical application. Level of evidence IV.

Indexed as

AIArtificial intelligenceDecision support systemsDigital twinsEthicsExplainabilityGeneralizabilityLarge language modelsLearning seriesMachine learningMLOrthopaedicsProvenanceResearch methods

Identifiers

PMID37968370
PMCPMC10651597

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.