ArticleGastroenterology & hepatology2009
Refractory Ascites: Pathogenesis, Clinical Impact, and Management.
Article in Gastroenterology & hepatology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Liver Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review of Their Role in Ascites Management, Slowing Disease Progression, and Safety.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Shock From Hemorrhagic Ascites in a Non-cirrhotic Patient With Isolated High-Output Right Heart Failure.Cureus · 2025Article
- A Snake Toxin Derivative for Treatment of Hyponatremia and Polycystic Kidney Diseases.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2025Article
- An Economic Analysis of Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Covered Stent Shunt for Variceal Bleeding and Refractory Ascites in a Spanish Setting.Advances in therapy · 2023Article
- Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Outcomes in the Elderly Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Gastroenterology research · 2022Article
- How much is too much? Pushing the limits of fluid removal via paracentesis.SAGE open medical case reports · 2022Article
- Magnetic resonance parametric mapping of the spleen for non-invasive assessment of portal hypertension.European radiology · 2021Article
- Article
- Chronic peritoneal indwelling catheters for the management of malignant and nonmalignant ascites.Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center) · 2018Review
- Paracentesis in cirrhotics is associated with increased risk of 30-day readmission.World journal of hepatology · 2018Article
- Intraperitoneal ziv-aflibercept effectively manages refractory ascites in colorectal cancer patients.Oncotarget · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Refractory ascites is defined as ascites that does not recede or that recurs shortly after therapeutic paracentesis, despite sodium restriction and diuretic treatment. To date, there is no approved medical therapy specifically for refractory ascites. Management of these patients is based upon procedures such as large-volume paracentesis and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPS), which temporarily alleviate symptoms but are not curative. These patients have a poor prognosis and are at risk for a series of complications that are associated with the condition or are secondary to therapy. The most common complications include spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hepatic hydrothorax, spontaneous bacterial empyema, and umbilical hernia. The predicted survival rate is as low as 50% at 1 year, and prognosis worsens as patients present with comorbidities such as hepatorenal syndrome, renal failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The only curative treatment is liver transplantation, though current studies have shown that TIPS also increases survival.
Indexed as
Identifiers
37967427PMC2886420W1756586653What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.