ArticleSurgical endoscopy2024
Efficacy of multi-hole self-expandable metal stent compared to fully covered and uncovered self-expandable metal stents in patients with unresectable malignant distal biliary obstruction: a propensity analysis.
Article in Surgical endoscopy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- An ultra-early biliary occlusion caused by a blood clot impaction inside a multi-hole covered self-expandable metal stent.Endoscopy · 2026Article
- Rescue multihole metal stent placement to prevent stent migration after endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy.Endoscopy · 2026Article
- Side-by-side placement and removability of a novel multi-hole self-expandable metallic stent for malignant hilar biliary obstruction.Endoscopy · 2026Article
- Feasibility and histological analysis of multi-hole versus fully covered self-expandable metallic stents in a porcine model of hilar biliary obstruction.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Multi-Hole Self-Expandable Metallic Stent for Malignant Distal Biliary Obstruction: A Literature Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Article
- Article
- Reintervention for recurrent biliary obstruction after stent-in-stent deployment of multi-hole self-expandable metal stents.Endoscopy · 2025Article
- Side-by-side placement of a novel slim 6-mm multi-hole covered self-expandable metallic stent for malignant hilar biliary obstruction.Endoscopy · 2025Article
- Endoscopic biliary drainage with multi-hole self-expandable metallic stent during neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in pancreatic cancer.World journal of gastrointestinal endoscopy · 2025Article
- Advancements in stent strategies for malignant distal biliary obstruction: defining the clinical role of multi-hole self-expandable metal stents.Clinical endoscopy · 2025Article
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- Review
- Article
- Prevention of stent migration of covered self-expandable metal stents in distal malignant biliary obstruction: a review of literature.Gastroenterology report · 2025Review
- Biliary stents for active materials and surface modification: Recent advances and future perspectives.Bioactive materials · 2024Review
- The assessment of postoperative cholangitis in malignant biliary obstruction: a real-world study of nasobiliary drainage after endoscopic placement of self-expandable metal stent.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsSelf-expandable metal stent (SEMS) insertion is the standard palliative treatment for unresectable malignant extrahepatic biliary obstruction (MBO). Drawbacks of conventional fully covered SEMS (FCSEMS) and uncovered SEMS (USEMS) include stent migration and tumor ingrowth, respectively. This study aimed to compare stent patency in MBO with the newly design multi-hole SEMS (MHSEMS), which has multiple small side holes in the stent membrane, with conventional FCSEMS and UCSEMS. PATIENTS AND
methodsThis retrospective study using a propensity score matching design and stent patency times of 40 patients with MHSEMS was compared to 40 and 34 patients with FCSEMS and UCSEMS during the same period, respectively. Secondary outcomes were procedure-related adverse events, clinical success rate, time to recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO), and etiology of RBO. RBO was compared using Kaplan-Meier analysis.
resultsBaseline characteristics after matching were comparable among the 3 groups. RBO rates were 21%, 37%, and 55% for MHSEMS, FCSEMS, and UCSEMS, respectively (p = 0.014), at a mean time of 479, 353, and 306 days, respectively (MHSEMS vs UCSEMS, p = 0.002). Rate of tumor ingrowth was highest in the UCSEMS group (42.4% vs 13.2% in MHSEMS; p = 0.005 and vs 0% in FCSEMS; p < 0.001). Stent migration rate was highest in the FCSEMS group at 15.8% vs 2.6% in MHSEMS (p = 0.047) and 0% in UCSEMS (p = 0.005).
conclusionMHSEMS provided the longest stent patency time with lowest RBO rate compared to conventional SEMS by showing a lower stent migration rate than FCSEMS and a lower tumor ingrowth rate than UCSEMS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.