Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37957847›Full record

ArticleEndocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets2024

Effectiveness of Blood Glucose Time in Range to Reduce Risk of Blood Glucose Extrusion and Improve Blood Glucose Metrics in Type 1 Diabetic Patients.

Omar Oraibi, Mohammed Somaili, Erwa Elmakki, Sameer Alqassimi, Mohammed Ali Madkhali, Mostafa Mohrag, Faisal Abusageah, Mohammed Alhazmi, Samar Alfaifi, Ruba Ageeli and 4 more

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Article in Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

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No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Omar OraibiInternal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-4621-1113
Mohammed SomailiInternal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Erwa ElmakkiInternal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Sameer AlqassimiInternal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed Ali MadkhaliInternal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Mostafa MohragInternal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Faisal AbusageahInternal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed AlhazmiInternal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Samar AlfaifiInternal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Ruba AgeeliInternal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed SumayliInternal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Fatimah ArishiInternal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulaziz H AlhazmiMicrobiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulrahman HummadiEndocrine and Diabetic Center, Ministry of Health, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWith evolving diabetes technology, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and time in range have been advanced as critical measurements to assess complications. They have shown improvement in A1C levels and decreased episodes of blood glucose extrusion.

aimsThis study aimed to assess the awareness and utilization of blood glucose time in range and its effectiveness in reducing the risk of blood glucose extrusion and improving blood glucose metrics among patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

methodsA retrospective study included 342 patients who met the inclusion criteria and were using the CGM, aiming for a TIR of 70% daily. Glycemic control was followed using TIR data, blood glucose extrusion frequency (including hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia events), active sensor time, average blood glucose, and glucose management indicator (GMI) levels.

resultsA total of 342 individuals participated in this study, the majority of whom were below 18 years of age (62.3%). The hypoglycemic frequency was significantly increased compared to the baseline, and most participants experienced hypoglycemia events (p = 0.0001). The incidences increased over time, with 90.9% and 93% having hypoglycemia at 60 and 90 days (p = 0.0001), respectively. The active scan and sensor time were not followed, which led to the blood glucose target not being achieved, with no improvement throughout the study. Consequently, no improvement occurred in glycemic control.

conclusionCGM technology has been promising and proven effective in improving glycemic. However, our study did not show these benefits as expected, which could be explained by the underutilization and improper use of the CGM.

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseBlood Glucose Self-MonitoringDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Glycemic ControlHypoglycemiaAdolescentAdultChildFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansHyperglycemiaHypoglycemic AgentsMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesBlood GlucoseGlycated Hemoglobinhemoglobin A1c protein, humanHypoglycemic AgentsA1CCGMDiabetes mellitusglucose management indicatorhyperglycemia.hypoglycemia

Identifiers

PMID37957847

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.