ArticleBMC psychiatry2023
Altered IL-3 and lipocalin-2 levels are associated with the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder: a case-control study.
Article in BMC psychiatry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antidepressant Effects of 20-Glucoginsenoside Rf in an L-AAA-Induced Mouse Model with Glial-Associated Molecular Alterations.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Exploratory Cohort Study of Depressive Symptoms in South Africans with HIV-1 Subtype C: Associations with Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites and Inflammatory Markers.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Article
- Overexpression of Hspa1b in the mouse hippocampus may be associated with major depressive disorder.Behavioral and brain functions : BBF · 2025Article
- Altered eotaxin-1 and interleukin-34 levels in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a case-control observational study in Bangladesh.Osong public health and research perspectives · 2025Article
- Article
- Antidepressant Effects of Ginsenoside Rc on L-Alpha-Aminoadipic Acid-Induced Astrocytic Ablation and Neuroinflammation in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Altered serum interleukin-17A and interleukin-23A levels may be associated with the pathophysiology and development of generalized anxiety disorder.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Evaluation of serum interleukin-12 and interleukin-4 as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of major depressive disorder.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Serum levels of interleukin-33 and mesencephalic astrocyte derived neurotrophic factors in patients with major depressive disorder: a cross-sectional comparative design.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
- Evaluation of serum MIP-1β and MCP-2 levels in major depressive disorder: A case-control study.PloS one · 2024Article
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8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundMajor Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a common mental ailment and is the primary reason for disability. It manifests a severe impact on moods, thoughts, and physical health. At present, this disorder has become a concern in the field of public health. Alteration of neurochemicals is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of many psychiatric disorders. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate serum IL-3 and lipocalin-2 in MDD patients and healthy controls (HCs).
methodWe included a total of 376 participants in this study. Among them, 196 were MDD patients, and 180 were age-sex-matched HCs. MDD patients were recruited from the Psychiatry Department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), but the controls were from different parts of Dhaka. All study participants were evaluated by a psychiatrist using the DSM-5 criteria. To assess the severity of the depression, we used the Hamilton depression (Ham-D) rating scale. Serum IL-3 and lipocalin-2 levels were measured using commercially available enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay kits (ELISA kits).
resultsAccording to this study, we observed elevated serum levels of IL-3 (1,024.73 ± 29.84 pg/mL) and reduced levels of serum lipocalin-2 (29.019 ± 2.073 ng/mL) in MDD patients compared to HCs (911.11 ± 20.55 pg/mL and 48.065 ± 3.583 ng/mL, respectively). No associations between serum levels of IL-3 and lipocalin-2 and depression severity were observed in patients.
conclusionsAccording to the present findings, alterations of serum IL-3 and lipocalin might be associated with the pathogenesis of MDD. These results support that altered serum neurochemicals can serve as early risk assessment markers for depression. Further interventional studies are recommended for a better understanding of the role of IL-3 and lipocalin-2 in the pathophysiology of depression.
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