Observational studyBMC public health2023
The effect of China's many-child policy on the number of births and the prevalence of serious teratogenic and disabling defects in Hunan Province.
Observational study in BMC public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Zishen Yutai Pill increased live births in advanced maternal age women: a randomized clinical trial.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Analysis of adverse pregnancy outcomes among pregnant women in Hunan Province from 2015 to 2023: Incidence, temporal trends, and risk factors.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Impact of parity on gestational diabetes mellitus in Chinese women: a retrospective cohort study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- A predicting model for intrapartum cesarean delivery at admission using a nomogram: a retrospective cohort study in China.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- The incidence, characteristics, and complications of pregnant women who delivered stillbirths under different child policies in central China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Spatiotemporal trends and geographic disparities in spatial accessibility to maternal and child health services in Nanning, China: impact of two-child policies.BMC health services research · 2024Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundTo research the effect of China's many-child policy on the number of births and the prevalence of serious teratogenic and disabling defects (STDDs) in Hunan province.
methodsWe performed an observational study based on the Birth Defect (BD) Surveillance System of Hunan Province and chose STDD case cards. From 2012-2022, we defined the following 4 periods: the one-child policy (OCP) (2012.01-2013.12), partial two-child policy (PTCP) (2014.1-2015.12), universal two-child policy (UTCP) (2016.1-2020.12), and the early stage of the three-child policy (ETCP) (2021.1-2022.12). Crude odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to examine the association of policy changes with STDDs. Crame'r's V was calculated to estimate the effect sizes. Joinpoint regression analysis and annual percent change (APC) were used for each segment of the trend.
resultsA total of 1,652,079 births were included in this analysis. Joinpoint regression analysis showed that the number of perinatal births increased from 2012 to 2017, with APC = 9.52 (95% CI: 7.2 to 11.8), and decreased from 2017 to 2022, with an APC = -10.04 (95% CI: -11.9 to -8.1). The number of mothers over 30 years old gradually increased, from 25.54% during the OCP period to 54.05% during the ETCP period (P
conclusionMany-child policies were associated with a moderate increase in fertility especially for women in urban areas and older women. However, they have lost the ability to control birth since 2017. The total prevalence of STDDs increased over the entire period, but the live birth prevalence increased only during the ETCP period. The gestational age at diagnosis decreased and the percentage of deaths within 7 days decreased.
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