ArticleSleep2024
Linking brain structure, cognition, and sleep: insights from clinical data.
Article in Sleep, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Machine Learning-Based Sleep Electroencephalographic Brain Age Index and Dementia Risk: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2026Pooled it
- Article
- Brain Health from Sleep EEG: A Multicohort, Deep Learning Biomarker for Cognition, Disease, and Mortality.NEJM AI · 2026Article
- Linking sleep microstructure, blood markers of inflammation and metabolism, and cognition: mediation analysis in the osteoporotic fractures in men study.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Cyclic Alternating Pattern and Sleep Microstructure in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nature and science of sleep · 2026Review
- Altered rhythmic and arrhythmic electroencephalographic activity during non-rapid eye movement sleep in amnestic mild cognitive impairment.Brain communications · 2026Article
- Exploratory associations of sleep spindles and sleep disordered breathing indices with hippocampal and thalamic volume, and cortical thickness, and cerebrovascular biomarkers among community dwelling older adults: results from the Brain in Motion Study.Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society · 2026Article
- Dementia Risk and Machine Learning-Derived Brain Age Index from Sleep Electroencephalography: A Pooled Cohort Analysis of Over 7,000 Individuals Across Five Community Cohorts.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Sleep as a window into brain health: clinical implications of sleeping brain wave-structure associations.Sleep · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Examining Specific Theory-of-Mind Aspects in Amnestic and Non-Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: Their Relationships with Sleep Duration and Cognitive Planning.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Dynamic changes in peripheral inflammation as a risk factor for perioperative sleep disturbances in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic hepatobiliary surgery.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Preoperative insomnia exacerbates postoperative sleep fragmentation in elderly arthroplasty patients: a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Beyond Frequency Bands: Complementary-Ensemble-Empirical-Mode-Decomposition-Enhanced Microstate Sequence Non-Randomness Analysis for Aiding Diagnosis and Cognitive Prediction of Dementia.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Long Objective Sleep Duration is a Marker of Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: Findings from the Cretan Aging Cohort.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports · 2024Article
- Chronotype predicts working memory-dependent regional cerebral oxygenation under conditions of normal sleep and following a single night of sleep extension.Scientific reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesTo use relatively noisy routinely collected clinical data (brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, clinical polysomnography (PSG) recordings, and neuropsychological testing), to investigate hypothesis-driven and data-driven relationships between brain physiology, structure, and cognition.
methodsWe analyzed data from patients with clinical PSG, brain MRI, and neuropsychological evaluations. SynthSeg, a neural network-based tool, provided high-quality segmentations despite noise. A priori hypotheses explored associations between brain function (measured by PSG) and brain structure (measured by MRI). Associations with cognitive scores and dementia status were studied. An exploratory data-driven approach investigated age-structure-physiology-cognition links.
resultsSix hundred and twenty-three patients with sleep PSG and brain MRI data were included in this study; 160 with cognitive evaluations. Three hundred and forty-two participants (55%) were female, and age interquartile range was 52 to 69 years. Thirty-six individuals were diagnosed with dementia, 71 with mild cognitive impairment, and 326 with major depression. One hundred and fifteen individuals were evaluated for insomnia and 138 participants had an apnea-hypopnea index equal to or greater than 15. Total PSG delta power correlated positively with frontal lobe/thalamic volumes, and sleep spindle density with thalamic volume. rapid eye movement (REM) duration and amygdala volume were positively associated with cognition. Patients with dementia showed significant differences in five brain structure volumes. REM duration, spindle, and slow-oscillation features had strong associations with cognition and brain structure volumes. PSG and MRI features in combination predicted chronological age (R2 = 0.67) and cognition (R2 = 0.40).
conclusionsRoutine clinical data holds extended value in understanding and even clinically using brain-sleep-cognition relationships.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.