ArticleMolecular pharmaceutics2023
Time-Dependent Differences in the Effects of Oleic Acid and Oleyl Alcohol on the Human Skin Barrier.
Article in Molecular pharmaceutics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Skin Barrier-Informed Topical and Transdermal Drug Delivery: Excipient-Driven Strategies, Vehicle Transformation, and Translational Challenges.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Skin Barrier Modulation by Oleyl-Based Co-Formulants: Mechanistic Insights from Molecular Simulations.ACS omega · 2026Article
- GC-Ms, UHPLC-MS/MSChemistry & biodiversity · 2026Article
- Tucuma Fat-Based Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: Physical Stability and Antifungal Activity.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Characterization of Heterotrigona itama Propolis Extracts: Phytochemicals and Thermal Insights.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026Article
- Adsorption of Mixed Micelles of Polysorbate 80 and Oleic Acid to the Air-Water Interface.Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids · 2026Article
- Development and Evaluation of an Anti-Inflammatory Emulsion: Skin Penetration, Physicochemical Properties, and Fibroblast Viability Assessment.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Permeation Enhancer in Microemulsions and Microemulsion-Based Gels: A Comparison of Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether and Oleyl Alcohol.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Progress in Topical and Transdermal Drug Delivery Research-Focus on Nanoformulations.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Mechanistic insights into endosomal escape by sodium oleate-modified liposomes.Beilstein journal of nanotechnology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Oleic acid and oleyl alcohol are commonly used permeation and penetration enhancers to facilitate topical drug delivery. Here, we aimed to better understand the mechanism of their enhancing effects in terms of their interactions with the human skin barrier using diclofenac diethylamine (DIC-DEA), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug for topical pain management. Oleic acid promoted DIC-DEA permeation through ex vivo human skin more rapidly than oleyl alcohol (both applied at 0.75%) due to fluidization of stratum corneum lipids as revealed by infrared spectroscopy. After 12 h, the effect of these enhancers on DIC-DEA permeation leveled off, fluidization was no longer evident, and skin permeabilization was mainly due to the formation of fluid enhancer-rich domains. Contrary to oleyl alcohol, oleic acid adversely affected two indicators of the skin barrier integrity, transepidermal water loss and skin electrical impedance. The content of oleyl alcohol in the stratum corneum was lower than that of oleic acid (even 12 h after the enhancers were removed from the skin surface), but it caused higher DIC-DEA retention in both epidermis and dermis compared to oleic acid. The effects of oleyl alcohol and oleic acid on DIC-DEA permeation and retention in the skin were similar after a single and repeated application (4 doses every 12 h). Thus, oleyl alcohol offers several advantages over oleic acid for topical drug delivery.
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