Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37949665›Full record

ArticleNeurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation2024

Neuropsychological Testing in Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Scoping Review.

Rachel Galioto, Tiffany Grezmak, Carol Swetlik, Justin R Abbatemarco, Maarten J Titulaer, Carsten Finke, Amy Kunchok

Erratum issuedOpen access · goldAbstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Longitudinal changes in [European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Neuropsychological Testing in Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Scoping Review.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2024
    Article
  10. The Patient Perspective in Encephalitis Research.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2024
    Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.

Rachel GaliotoFrom the Cleveland Clinic Mellen Center for MS (R.G., J.R.A., A.K.); Department of Neurology (T.G., C.S.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Neurology (M.J.T.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany. galiotr@ccf.org.
Tiffany GrezmakFrom the Cleveland Clinic Mellen Center for MS (R.G., J.R.A., A.K.); Department of Neurology (T.G., C.S.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Neurology (M.J.T.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-7894-4533
Carol SwetlikFrom the Cleveland Clinic Mellen Center for MS (R.G., J.R.A., A.K.); Department of Neurology (T.G., C.S.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Neurology (M.J.T.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.
Justin R AbbatemarcoFrom the Cleveland Clinic Mellen Center for MS (R.G., J.R.A., A.K.); Department of Neurology (T.G., C.S.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Neurology (M.J.T.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-1668-4753
Maarten J TitulaerFrom the Cleveland Clinic Mellen Center for MS (R.G., J.R.A., A.K.); Department of Neurology (T.G., C.S.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Neurology (M.J.T.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-1033-3840
Carsten FinkeFrom the Cleveland Clinic Mellen Center for MS (R.G., J.R.A., A.K.); Department of Neurology (T.G., C.S.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Neurology (M.J.T.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-7665-1171
Amy KunchokFrom the Cleveland Clinic Mellen Center for MS (R.G., J.R.A., A.K.); Department of Neurology (T.G., C.S.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Neurology (M.J.T.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Department of Neurology (C.F.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-8387-6491
Cleveland Clinic · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesIdentifying optimal methods for evaluation and monitoring of cognitive outcomes in AE is important for clinical care and research. This scoping review aimed to evaluate neuropsychological tests (NPT) that are most frequently impaired in AE cohorts to provide recommendations for a standardized NPT battery for AE outcome.

methodsPubMed search for studies examining NPT in patients with AE was conducted on June 9, 2023. Studies were screened for inclusion/exclusion criteria as follows: at least 1 NPT, individual NPT test scores with comparison with healthy controls or normative data and neural-IgG status, total sample size ≥5, and English manuscript available.

resultsThe search yielded 5,393 studies, of which 3,359 were screened, 107 were full text reviewed, and 32 met inclusion/exclusion criteria, anti-NMDA-R (k = 18), anti-LGI1 (k = 10), anti-GABA DISCUSSION: Given the dearth of literature examining NPT in AE in combination with small sample sizes and methodological differences, more research in this area is needed. However, we provide recommendations for a test battery to be used in future studies, with the aim of standardizing research in this area. Based on the available literature, we recommend the use of comprehensive NPT batteries, spanning all cognitive domains. The highest yield measures may include the tests of (1) visual and verbal learning/memory, (2) basic and sustained attention, (3) processing speed, and (4) executive functions.

Indexed as

Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous SystemCognition DisordersCognitionEncephalitisHashimoto DiseaseHumansNeuropsychological Tests

Identifiers

PMID37949665
PMCPMC10691228
OpenAlexW4388557901

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.