ArticleBMJ open2023
Relationship between Framingham Cardiovascular Risk Score and cognitive performance among ageing rural Indian participants: a cross-sectional analysis.
Article in BMJ open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrating conformal prediction with machine learning for uncertainty-aware risk stratification in coronary artery disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Association of amyloid and cardiovascular risk with cognition: Findings from KBASE.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
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Abstract
objectiveThe burden of cardiovascular risk factors is increasing in India, which, in turn, can adversely impact cognition. Our objective was to examine the effect of cardiovascular risk factors measured by Framingham Risk Score (FRS) on cognitive performance among a cohort of healthy, ageing individuals (n=3609) aged ≥45 years from rural India.
designA cross-sectional analysis.
settingA rural community setting in southern India.
participantsHealthy, ageing, dementia-free participants, aged 45 years and above, belonging to the villages of Srinivaspura (a rural community located around 100 km from Bangalore, India), were recruited. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Using a locally adapted, validated, computerised cognitive test battery, we assessed cognitive performance across multiple cognitive domains: attention, memory, language, executive functioning and visuospatial ability.
resultsThe median (IQR) age of the sample was 57 (50.65) and 50.5% were women. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that participants with higher FRS performed poorly in attention (visual attention (β=-0.018, p=0.041)), executive functioning (categorical fluency (β=-0.064, p<0.001)), visuospatial ability (form matching (β=-0.064, p<0.001) and visuospatial span (β=-0.020, p<0.001)), language (reading and sentence comprehension (β=-0.010, p=0.013), word comprehension (β=-0.021, p<0.001) and semantic association (β=-0.025, p<0.001)), and memory (episodic memory IR (β=-0.056, p<0.001), episodic memory DR (β=-0.076, p<0.001) and name-face association (β=-0.047, p<0.001)).
conclusionIncreased cardiovascular risk as evidenced by FRS was associated with poorer cognitive performance in all cognitive domains among dementia-free middle-aged and older rural Indians. It is imperative to design and implement appropriate interventions (pharmacological and lifestyle-based) for cardiovascular risk reduction and thereby, prevent or mitigate accelerated cognitive impairment in ageing individuals.
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