ArticleBrain stimulation
Subjective states induced by intracranial electrical stimulation matches the cytoarchitectonic organization of the human insula.
Article in Brain stimulation. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evidence for domain-general arousal from semantic and neuroimaging meta-analyses reconciles opposing views on arousal.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of Sleep Deprivation and Neuromodulatory Interventions on Olfactory-Related Brain Function.Brain topography · 2026Trial
- Electrophysiological Brain Connectivity and Subjective States Evoked by Electrical Stimulation of the Human Mid-thalamus.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Real-time fMRI-triggered experience-sampling: a proof-of-concept study.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Convergent and selective representations of pain, appetitive processes, aversive processes, and cognitive control in the insula.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Functional Architecture of the Human Insula Revealed by Causal Intracranial Mapping.Research square · 2026Article
- The Human Insula Reimagined: Single Neurons Respond to Simple Sounds during Passive Listening.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- An intracranial dissection of human escape circuits.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Structural Connectivity Differences Reflect Microstructural Heterogeneity of the Human Insular Cortex.Human brain mapping · 2025Article
- Human insula neurons respond to simple sounds during passive listening.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Investigating brain dysfunction in neuropathic pain with MRI.Brain communications · 2025Article
- The Isle of Craig: Neuroanatomical and Functional Evidence for a Role of the Insular Cortex in Subjective Feelings.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2025Review
- Direct stimulation of anterior insula and ventromedial prefrontal cortex disrupts economic choices.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Real-time fMRI-triggered experience sampling: A proof-of-concept study.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)Article
- A nonlinear relationship of evoked responses following charge-balanced single-pulse electrical stimulation with varying pulse widths.Brain stimulationArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Functions of the human insula have been explored extensively with neuroimaging methods and intracranial electrical stimulation studies that have highlighted a functional segregation across its subregions. A recently developed cytoarchitectonic map of the human insula has also segregated this brain region into various areas. Our knowledge of the functional organization of this brain region at the level of these fine-parceled microstructural areas remains only partially understood. We address this gap of knowledge by applying a multimodal approach linking direct electrical stimulation and task-evoked intracranial EEG recordings with microstructural subdivisions of the human insular cortex. In 17 neurosurgical patients with 142 implanted electrodes, stimulation of 40 % of the sites induced a reportable change in the conscious experience of the subjects in visceral/autonomic, anxiety, taste/olfactory, pain/temperature as well as somatosensory domains. These subjective responses showed a topographical allocation to microstructural areas defined by probabilistic cytoarchitectonic parcellation maps of the human insula. We found the pain and thermal responses to be located in areas lg2/ld2, while non-painful/non-thermal somatosensory responses corresponded to area ld3 and visceroceptive responses to area Id6. Lastly, the stimulation of area Id7 in the dorsal anterior insula, failed to induce reportable changes to subjective experience even though intracranial EEG recordings from this region captured significant time-locked high-frequency activity (HFA). Our results provide a multimodal map of functional subdivisions within the human insular cortex at the individual brain basis and characterize their anatomical association with fine-grained cytoarchitectonic parcellations of this brain structure.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.