ArticleInternational archives of occupational and environmental health2024
Effects of heat and personal protective equipment on thermal strain in healthcare workers: part B-application of wearable sensors to observe heat strain among healthcare workers under controlled conditions.
Article in International archives of occupational and environmental health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of wearing personal protective equipment on physiological and psychological responses during simulated nursing care: a crossover comparison of gowns and aprons.International journal of nursing studies advances · 2026Article
- Article
- Assessing the Feasibility of Wearable Devices for Physiological Monitoring and Heat Risk Prediction in Outdoor Agricultural Workers.American journal of industrial medicine · 2026Article
- Investigating Wearable Sensor Placement for Heat Risk Monitoring of Firefighters: A Skin-Ear Temperature Study.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Occupational heat stress in hospital settings: a combined assessment of staff perceptions and indoor climate to support heat action planning.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Leveraging wearables to safeguard workers in a hotter climate.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Using a basic life support stress-test to assess the influence of ethanol-based hand rubs nitril gloves and of physically demanding clinical tasks on personal protective equipment fit (GLOVDIS-1) - a pilot Manikin study.GMS hygiene and infection control · 2026Article
- Improving heat stress prevention through targeted education in hot and humid workplaces: a study in a foundry industry.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Impact of heat stress and protective clothing on healthcare workers: health, performance, and well-being in hospital settings.Annals of work exposures and health · 2025Article
- The Spectrum of Heat-Related Diseases - A Meta-Review.International journal of public health · 2025Review
- Article
- Assessment of subjective well-being of healthcare workers in response to heat and personal protective equipment under controlled conditions using a standardized protocol.Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeAs climate change accelerates, healthcare workers (HCW) are expected to be more frequently exposed to heat at work. Heat stress can be exacerbated by physical activity and unfavorable working requirements, such as wearing personal protective equipment (PPE). Thus, understanding its potential negative effects on HCW´s health and working performance is becoming crucial. Using wearable sensors, this study investigated the physiological effects of heat stress due to HCW-related activities.
methodsEighteen participants performed four experimental sessions in a controlled climatic environment following a standardized protocol. The conditions were (a) 22 °C, (b) 22 °C and PPE, (c) 27 °C and (d) 27 °C and PPE. An ear sensor (body temperature, heart rate) and a skin sensor (skin temperature) were used to record the participants´ physiological parameters.
resultsHeat and PPE had a significant effect on the measured physiological parameters. When wearing PPE, the median participants' body temperature was 0.1 °C higher compared to not wearing PPE. At 27 °C, the median body temperature was 0.5 °C higher than at 22 °C. For median skin temperature, wearing PPE resulted in a 0.4 °C increase and higher temperatures in a 1.0 °C increase. An increase in median heart rate was also observed for PPE (+ 2/min) and heat (+ 3/min).
conclusionLong-term health and productivity risks can be further aggravated by the predicted temperature rise due to climate change. Further physiological studies with a well-designed intervention are needed to strengthen the evidence for developing comprehensive policies to protect workers in the healthcare sector.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.