ReviewCellular & molecular immunology2024
B-cell and antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2: infection, vaccination, and hybrid immunity.
Review in Cellular & molecular immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exceeding expectations: factors contributing to the potency of human papillomavirus vaccines.The Lancet. Microbe · 2026Review
- Review
- Pulmonary mRNA-LNP vaccines for rapid and durable protection against bacterial infection.Nature communications · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection reveals imprinted antibody responses in the absence of vaccination.iScience · 2026Article
- Viral Vaccine Adjuvant Strategies for Shaping Durable Immunity Across the Human Lifespan.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals IgMZoological research · 2026Article
- Myeloma Precursors Erode Durable Immunity: Results of the IMPACT study.Research square · 2026Article
- Neutralization and ADCC reveal divergent spike-subdomain targeting across SARS-CoV-2 vaccine platforms in an African cohort.iScience · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Chronic Intervillositis: Variations of Maternal Antiviral Response.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Article
- Endothelial Cell Activation by SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Its RBD: Central Player of the Immunothrobotic Response in COVID-19.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Engineering Adaptive Immunity in 3D: A Patient-Specific Lymphoid Model Using Stromal Networks and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- The Unexpected Visibility of the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Reveals a Hidden Route of Surface Trafficking.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Impaired Generation of High-Affinity Memory B Cells and Neutralizing Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 in Adolescents and Young Adults With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Treated With Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors.ACR open rheumatology · 2026Article
- Detailed investigation of B cell populations following vaccination and infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 during pregnancy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Quantification of the IgG antibody response half-life for hybrid immunity to SARS-CoV-2.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Primary SARS-CoV-2 exposure by vaccination or infection shapes immune responses to omicron variants among a Spanish cohort.Nature communications · 2025Article
- A Review of the Effects of Ipsilateral or Contralateral Vaccine Boosting on the Adaptive Immune Response.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Immunology of RNA-based vaccines: The critical interplay between inflammation and expression.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Review
- Article
- Development and characterization of a bivalent mRNA vaccine targeting the Delta and Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in 2019 prompted scientific, medical, and biotech communities to investigate infection- and vaccine-induced immune responses in the context of this pathogen. B-cell and antibody responses are at the center of these investigations, as neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) are an important correlate of protection (COP) from infection and the primary target of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine modalities. In addition to absolute levels, nAb longevity, neutralization breadth, immunoglobulin isotype and subtype composition, and presence at mucosal sites have become important topics for scientists and health policy makers. The recent pandemic was and still is a unique setting in which to study de novo and memory B-cell (MBC) and antibody responses in the dynamic interplay of infection- and vaccine-induced immunity. It also provided an opportunity to explore new vaccine platforms, such as mRNA or adenoviral vector vaccines, in unprecedented cohort sizes. Combined with the technological advances of recent years, this situation has provided detailed mechanistic insights into the development of B-cell and antibody responses but also revealed some unexpected findings. In this review, we summarize the key findings of the last 2.5 years regarding infection- and vaccine-induced B-cell immunity, which we believe are of significant value not only in the context of SARS-CoV-2 but also for future vaccination approaches in endemic and pandemic settings.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.