ArticleJCO global oncology2023
Survival After Diagnosis of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Malawi.
Article in JCO global oncology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Gastroesophageal disease risk and inhalational exposure a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Integrating clinical and molecular approaches to improve survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.World journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2025Article
- Article
- Global Burden of Esophageal Cancer and Its Risk Factors: A Systematic Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Landscape of esophageal cancer in Northern Kenya: experience from Garissa Regional Cancer Center.Ecancermedicalscience · 2024Article
- Current status of research on the mechanisms of tumor-associated macrophages in esophageal cancer progression.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
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9 authors.
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Abstract
purposeEsophageal cancer (EC) is the second most common cancer in Malawi, with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) representing >90% of all ECs. Despite significant morbidity and mortality, little is known about disease outcomes. In this study, we assess survival after ESCC diagnosis in Malawi.
methodsWe report on ESCC cases enrolled in a case-control study at Kamuzu Central Hospital in Lilongwe from August 2017 to April 2020. Suspected cases completed a questionnaire interview; provided blood, urine, and saliva specimens; and underwent a tumor biopsy for histologic confirmation. Cases were followed up by phone biweekly from enrollment to the study end date (December 31, 2020), date of death, or loss to follow-up. Survival was assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis with the log-rank test. We also examined associations between treatment and ESCC mortality using Cox regression models.
resultsThere were 300 patients with ESCC enrolled in this study, of whom 290 (97%) had known vital status at the end of follow-up and 10 (3%) were lost to follow-up. Among the 290 patients, 282 (97%) died during follow-up. The median age at enrollment was 55 years (IQR, 48-66), and the median time to death was 106 days (95% CI, 92 to 127). The 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year survival rates were 11% (95% CI, 8 to 15), 3% (95% CI, 1 to 6), and 0.9% (95% CI, 0.8 to 4), respectively. Palliative chemotherapy significantly improved the overall survival of patients with ESCC (
conclusionSurvival after diagnosis of ESCC was poor in Malawi. Although palliative chemotherapy was associated with improved survival, prevention and earlier detection remain key priorities to improve ESCC mortality at a population level.
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