ArticlePloS one2023
Are C-reactive protein concentrations affected by smoking status and physical activity levels? A longitudinal study.
Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Purpose in life and c-reactive protein: An individual-participant meta-analysis of >50,000 adults.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Relationship Between the "Life's Essential 8" Lifestyle Metrics and Serum High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Levels in South Korea.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Association of combined healthy lifestyle factors with the risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016-2021.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Hepatobiliary disorders associated with triazole antifungal agents: a disproportionality and Bayesian analysis based on the FAERS database.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of lipid profile and high sensitive C reactive protein levels among cigarette smokers in East Gojjam, Ethiopia.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2025Article
- Altered Anthropometrics and HbA1c Levels, but not Dyslipidemia, Are Associated With Elevated hs-CRP Levels in Middle-aged Adults: A Population-based Analysis.Critical pathways in cardiology · 2025Article
- Prospective Associations of Dietary Antioxidant Vitamin Intake and 8-Year Risk of Elevated SerumNutrients · 2025Article
- Changes in Concentration of Selected Biomarkers of Exposure in Users of Classic Cigarettes, E-Cigarettes, and Heated Tobacco Products-A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Causal Relationships Between Environmental Exposures, Iron Metabolism, Hematuria Markers, and Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Investigation Using Mendelian Randomization.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Blood indices of inflammation and their association with hypertension in smokers: analysis using data mining approaches.Journal of human hypertension · 2025Article
- Soluble terminal complement complex blood levels are elevated in schizophrenia.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2024Article
- Association between Life's Essential 8 score and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein: A cross-sectional study from NHANES 2015-2018.Clinical cardiology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveTo compare high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels according to smoking status and physical activity (PA) changes in adults.
methodsThe sample consisted of 6028 participants (4833 men) who underwent a voluntary routine health evaluation at the Preventive Medicine Center at the Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil, from January 2007 to December 2013. Data were collected at baseline and follow-up (2.7±1.6 years). Plasma hsCRP (in mg/L) was analyzed in both moments. Smoking status was obtained through a self-reported questionnaire, being participants classified as non-smokers, once smokers (report smoking at baseline or follow-up), and persistently smokers (reported smoking at both baseline and follow-up). PA was assessed by questionnaire in both moments, being participants classified as persistently inactive, became inactive, became active, and persistently active. The Rank Analysis of Covariance was used to compare hsCRP follow-up values according to smoking and physical activity status.
resultsPersistently smokers showed significantly higher median values of hsCRP at follow-up (1.3 mg/L, IQR:0.6-2.8) than once smokers (1.1 mg/L, IQR: 0.6-2.4) and non-smokers (1.0 mg/L, IQR: 0.5-2.2), even considering covariates (p<0.001). Persistently actives had lower levels of hsCRP at follow-up when compared to persistently inactive in the three smoking status groups (non-smokers p<0.001, once smokers p = 0.001, and persistently smokers p = 0.037).
conclusionPersistently active participants had lower hsCRP values at follow-up than those persistently inactive in all the smoking status groups. Regular practice of PA is an important strategy for facing low-grade inflammation, even among smokers.
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