ArticleFrontiers in neuroanatomy2023
The anatomy of the four streams of the prefrontal cortex. Preliminary evidence from a population based high definition tractography study.
Article in Frontiers in neuroanatomy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- High-resolution electrophysiological mapping of effective connectivity of lateral prefrontal cortex.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Shared white matter connectome-based correlates of self-reproach, response failure, spatial planning, and resilience in patients with subthreshold depression: a graph theory approach.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- From Scalp to Brain: Analyzing the Spatial Complexity of the Shooter's Brain.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- White matter connections within the central sulcus subserving the somato-cognitive action network.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Four Streams Within the Prefrontal Cortex: Integrating Structural and Functional Connectivity.The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry · 2025Review
- Editorial: Noninvasive brain stimulation: a promising approach to study and improve emotion regulation.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2025Article
- Article
- Establishing connectivity through microdissections of midbrain stimulation-related neural circuits.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Unveiling the axonal connectivity between the precuneus and temporal pole: Structural evidence from the cingulum pathways.Human brain mapping · 2024Article
- Mapping glioma's impact on cognition: Insights from macrostructure, microstructure, and beyond.Neuro-oncology advancesArticle
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The model of the four streams of the prefrontal cortex proposes 4 streams of information: motor through Brodmann area (BA) 8, emotion through BA 9, memory through BA 10, and emotional-related sensory through BA 11. Although there is a surge of functional data supporting these 4 streams within the PFC, the structural connectivity underlying these neural networks has not been fully clarified. Here we perform population-based high-definition tractography using an averaged template generated from data of 1,065 human healthy subjects acquired from the Human Connectome Project to further elucidate the structural organization of these regions. We report the structural connectivity of BA 8 with BA 6, BA 9 with the insula, BA 10 with the hippocampus, BA 11 with the temporal pole, and BA 11 with the amygdala. The 4 streams of the prefrontal cortex are subserved by a structural neural network encompassing fibers of the anterior part of the superior longitudinal fasciculus-I and II, corona radiata, cingulum, frontal aslant tract, and uncinate fasciculus. The identified neural network of the four streams of the PFC will allow the comprehensive analysis of these networks in normal and pathological brain function.
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