Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37941768›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2023

Farmers' and millers' experiences and attitudes towards the production and processing of zinc biofortified wheat in Pakistan: a mixed methods study.

Marena Ceballos-Rasgado, Subhan Ajmal, Usman Mahboob, E Louise Ander, Munir Zia, Victoria Hall Moran, Edward J M Joy, Mukhtiar Zaman, Heather Ohly, Nicola M Lowe

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 22% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Marena Ceballos-RasgadoCentre for Global Development, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom.
Subhan AjmalIndependent Researcher, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Usman MahboobInstitute of Health Professions Education and Research, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.
E Louise AnderInorganic Geochemistry, Centre for Environmental Geochemistry, British Geological Survey, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Munir ZiaResearch & Development Department, Fauji Fertilizer Company Ltd, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Victoria Hall MoranCentre for Global Development, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom.
Edward J M JoyDepartment of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
Mukhtiar ZamanDepartment of Pulmonology, Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Heather OhlyCentre for Global Development, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom.
Nicola M LoweCentre for Global Development, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom.
University of Central Lancashire · GBBritish Geological Survey · GBFauji Fertilizer (Pakistan) · PKKhyber Medical University · PKLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine · GBUniversity of Faisalabad · PK

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Zinc biofortified wheat may be a sustainable strategy to increase zinc intake in areas where fortification and dietary diversification are not feasible or are limited by household purchasing power. This convergent mixed methods study aimed to explore the farmers' and millers' experiences and attitudes towards the production and processing of zinc biofortified wheat in Pakistan. Methods: A telephone survey was conducted with farmers ( Results: Nearly half of farmers who responded to the survey (47%) re-cultivated Zincol-2016 in the following season. The drivers for Zincol-2016 re-cultivation were seed availability (100%), grain yield and growth resistance (98%), quality of the flour from the previous harvest (97%) and nutritional benefit (94.5%). Discussions with farmers suggested that the main motivators for potential scale-up of biofortified wheat were the perceived quality of the grain, wheat, and flour. Millers saw it as an opportunity to expand their business. Farmers and millers valued the health benefits of the wheat. Challenges for scale-up include the need of additional support to produce it, unfamiliarity with the biofortification process, production costs, and external threats to the supply chain. Conclusion: Farmers and millers showed a strong implicit preference for Zincol-2016 over alternative varieties. Crop performance and product yield were the most cited motivators for growing Zincol-2016. Farmers and millers are willing to produce and process biofortified wheat if financial and educational support is provided.

Indexed as

acceptabilitybiofortificationfarmersmillersproducersstaple cropswheat value chain

Identifiers

PMID37941768
PMCPMC10629276
OpenAlexW4388264950

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.