ArticleBMC infectious diseases2023
Association between SARS-CoV-2 variants and post COVID-19 condition: findings from a longitudinal cohort study in the Belgian adult population.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Oral Manifestations in the Post COVID-19 Condition: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis.Reviews in medical virology · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence and Risk Factors for Persistent Post-COVID-19 Condition at 3, 6, 12, and 18 Months After Initial Infection Among Adults Living in a Community of Japan: Yao COVID-19 Study.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Post-Exertional Malaise in Post-COVID-19 Syndrome: A Shift in the Frequency Across Pandemic Phases.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- A narrative review of SARS-CoV-2 variants and long COVID.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Review
- Experiences and coping strategies among patients with mild COVID-19 who develop post COVID conditions at a primary care centre.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Global Prevalence of Long COVID, Its Subtypes, and Risk Factors: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Long COVID Incidence Proportion in Adults and Children Between 2020 and 2024: An Electronic Health Record-Based Study From the RECOVER Initiative.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the Mutational Preferences Throughout the Whole Genome of the Identified Variants of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus Isolates in Bangladesh.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Receptor Binding for the Entry Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2: Insights from the Original Strain and Emerging Variants.Viruses · 2025Review
- Post-COVID recovery is faster after an infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant: a population-based cohort study.Infection · 2025Article
- Association between Mexican vaccination schemes and the duration of long COVID syndrome symptoms.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
- Observational
- Article
- Bridging the gap: strategies for recognizing and managing post-COVID conditions.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Significant burden of post-COVID exertional dyspnoea in a South-Italy region: knowledge of risk factors might prevent further critical overload on the healthcare system.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Prevalence of and risk factors for long COVID following infection with the COVID‑19 omicron variant.Medicine internationalArticle
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWhile many studies on the determinants of post-COVID-19 conditions (PCC) have been conducted, little is known about the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 variants and PCC. This study aimed to assess the association between different SARS-CoV-2 variants and the probability of having PCC three months after the infection.
methodsThis study was a longitudinal cohort study conducted between April 2021 and September 2022 in Belgium. In total, 8,238 adults with a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were followed up between the time of their infection and three months later. The primary outcomes were the PCC status three months post infection and seven PCC symptoms categories (neurocognitive, autonomic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, musculoskeletal, anosmia and/or dysgeusia, and other manifestations). The main exposure variable was the type of SARS-CoV-2 variants (i.e. Alpha, Delta, and Omicron), extracted from national surveillance data. The association between the different SARS-CoV-2 variants and PCC as well as PCC symptoms categories was assessed using multivariable logistic regression.
resultsThe proportion of PCC among participants infected during the Alpha, Delta, and Omicron-dominant periods was significantly different and respectively 50%, 50%, and 37%. Participants infected during the Alpha- and Delta-dominant periods had a significantly higher odds of having PCC than those infected during the Omicron-dominant period (OR = 1.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.33-1.96 and OR = 1.73, 95%CI = 1.54-1.93, respectively). Participants infected during the Alpha and Delta-dominant periods were more likely to report neurocognitive, respiratory, and anosmia/dysgeusia symptoms of PCC.
conclusionsPeople infected during the Alpha- and Delta-dominant periods had a higher probability of having PCC three months after infection than those infected during the Omicron-dominant period. The lower probability of PCC with the Omicron variant must also be interpreted in absolute figures. Indeed, the number of infections with the Omicron variant being higher than with the Alpha and Delta variants, it is possible that the overall prevalence of PCC in the population increases, even if the probability of having a PCC decreases.
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