ArticleThe Angle orthodontist2024
Salivary and crevicular fluid proinflammatory cytokines and advanced glycation end products in patients with different glycemic levels undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment.
Article in The Angle orthodontist, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diabesity and Oral Immunity: Exploring the Interconnection.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- The Influence of Diabetes on Orthodontic Treatment: A Systematic Review of the Clinical Considerations and Challenges in Response.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- AGEs impair osteogenesis in orthodontic force-induced periodontal ligament stem cells through the KDM6B/Wnt self-reinforcing loop.Stem cell research & therapy · 2024Article
- Effects of Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections on Periodontal Health During Accelerated Orthodontic Tooth Movement.Cureus · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo examine whether patients with different blood glycemic levels undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy demonstrate changes in the biochemical profiles of crevicular fluid and salivary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and proinflammatory cytokine levels in comparison with nondiabetic healthy subjects. MATERIALS AND
methodsPrediabetic subjects, subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and subjects without a diabetes mellitus diagnosis undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy with MBT prescription brackets (0.022-inch brackets and 0.019 × 0.025-inch stainless steel archwires) were included in the study. The following clinical periodontal parameters were evaluated: (1) plaque score (PS), (2) probing depth (PD), (3) bleeding on probing (BOP), and (4) clinical attachment loss. Crevicular fluid and saliva specimens were collected during regular orthodontic visits. Salivary and crevicular fluid tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, ghrelin, resistin, AGEs, and receptor activator of nuclear factor κΒ ligand were evaluated using a human magnetic Luminex multiplex assay.
resultsBOP scores were significantly higher among T2DM subjects (19.2%) than among nondiabetic subjects (11.2%) and prediabetic subjects (15.9%). Comparable values were demonstrated by all three study groups regarding PD scores and PSs. T2DM subjects demonstrated higher scores for gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) chemokines than nondiabetic and prediabetic subjects. A statistically significant difference was found in the levels of AGEs and resistin among the three study groups. The scores revealed for the levels of GCF resistin and AGEs versus periodontal BOP demonstrated a significant positive association by the Pearson correlation test.
conclusionsT2DM patients demonstrated significantly higher levels of GCF resistin and AGEs during fixed orthodontic therapy. Chronic hyperglycemic patients undergoing orthodontic therapy demonstrated a proinflammatory response.
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