ArticleHeadache
Association between secondhand smoke exposure and severe headaches or migraine in never-smoking adults.
Article in Headache. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors associated to disability in primary headaches: a systematic review to inform future iterations of the Global Burden of Disease Study.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Pooled it
- Smoking in primary headaches - a systematic review and meta-analysis.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Pooled it
- Association between serum cotinine levels and cognitive function in Americans aged 60 and older: A cross-sectional study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Association between secondhand smoke exposure and hyperuricemia among never smokers: A cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- From Headache to Heart Health: Investigating the Migraine-Cardiovascular Disease Connection.Neurology and therapy · 2025Review
- Association between headaches and lifestyle factors and physical and mental symptoms among 63,071 workers at a Japanese information technology company.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Article
- Exposure to secondhand smoke and physical disabilities in non-smokers: A national cross-sectional study with cotinine measurements from NHANES 2013-2018.Tobacco induced diseases · 2025Article
- The association between secondhand smoke exposure and accelerated biological aging: A population-based study and Mendelian randomization analysis.Tobacco induced diseases · 2025Article
- Household fuel use and migraine among Chinese adults aged 45 years and older: The modifying effects of sleep.PloS one · 2025Article
- Causal relationships between cortical brain structural alterations and migraine subtypes: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study of 2,347 neuroimaging phenotypes.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Article
- Effects of passive smoking on cortical spreading depolarization in male and female mice.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Article
- Association between secondhand smoke exposure and rheumatoid arthritis in US never-smoking adults: a cross-sectional study from NHANES.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The role of digital device use on the risk of migraine: a univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Associations between environmental perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate exposure and severe headache or migraine: a cross-sectional, population-based analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Association between family income to poverty ratio and severe headache/migraine in the American adults: data from NHANES 1999-2004.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Association between secondhand smoke and liver injury among US non-smoking adults: Mediation analysis of body mass index in the NHANES.Tobacco induced diseases · 2024Article
- Associations of vitamin D status with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in long-term prescription opioid users.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe study aimed to examine the relationship between secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and severe headaches or migraine in never-smoking adults verified by serum cotinine.
backgroundCurrent evidence about the association between self-reported SHS exposure and headaches or migraine is limited and contradictory. An important issue lies in the lack of actual SHS exposure assessment through biomarkers.
methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study on 4560 never-smoking adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 1999-2004. The SHS exposure was evaluated by measuring serum cotinine concentrations. The information regarding severe headaches or migraine was based on self-reporting.
resultsThe overall prevalence rate of severe headaches or migraine was 20% (919/4560). After adjusting for relevant covariates, we found that heavy SHS exposure (serum cotinine at 1 to 10 ng/mL) was positively associated with severe headaches or migraine (OR: 2.02, 95% CI [1.19, 3.43]); however, no significant association was found between low SHS exposure (serum cotinine at 0.05 to 0.99 ng/mL) and severe headaches or migraine (OR: 1.15, 95% CI [0.91, 1.47]). Restricted cubic spline analysis showed that the natural logarithm of serum cotinine had a linear relationship with severe headaches or migraine (p = 0.335 for nonlinearity). Stratified analysis indicated that individuals with a BMI of <25 (p < 0.001 for interaction) and sedentary activity (p = 0.016 for interaction) modified the relationship between SHS exposure and severe headaches and migraine. Even after altering the definition of SHS exposure, excluding drugs that might affect the metabolism of serum cotinine, and multiple imputation, our sensitivity analysis results remained stable.
conclusionsThe study demonstrated that heavy SHS exposure (serum cotinine at 1 to 10 ng/mL) had a significant positive association with severe headaches or migraine in never-smoking adults. Prospective studies are necessary to verify this relationship in the future.
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