ArticleStem cell research & therapy2023
Polarized macrophages regulate fibro/adipogenic progenitor (FAP) adipogenesis through exosomes.
Article in Stem cell research & therapy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Review
- Macrophage regulation of extracellular matrix remodeling in aging skeletal muscle.Ageing research reviews · 2026Review
- Resident mesenchymal progenitor cells require autocrine IGF-I in homeostatic and regenerating skeletal muscle.Stem cell reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Macrophage and fibro-adipogenic progenitor communication in skeletal muscle regeneration: tissue homeostasis and pathogenic remodeling.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2026Review
- Fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells from murine SMA muscles are intrinsically adipogenic.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Canine Adipose MSC-Derived Exosomes Ameliorate Skeletal Muscle Injury in Mice.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Research progress on the effects of macrophage‑derived exosomes on muscle factors IGF‑1 and FGF‑2 mediating musculoskeletal crosstalk molecular signaling pathway on bone metabolism (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Tendon-muscle-nerve disconnection in chronic large and massive posterosuperior rotator cuff tears: a targeted narrative mechanistic review and hypothesis-generating framework.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Exerkine-loaded exosomes in muscle aging: a nexus of exercise, regeneration, and crosstalk.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Healing of tendon-related diseases: insights from macrophage regulation.Military Medical Research · 2025Review
- miRNA-125b-5p-rich exosomes derived from fibro-adipogenic progenitors promoting muscle regeneration through inducing pro-regenerative macrophages.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Forskolin treatment enhances muscle regeneration and shows therapeutic potential with limitations in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.Skeletal muscle · 2025Article
- Oestrogen suppresses the adipogenesis of fibro/adipogenic progenitors through reactivating the METTL3-ESR1-mediated loop in post-menopausal females.Clinical and translational medicine · 2025Article
- Exosomal miR-24-3p mediates myoblast-macrophage crosstalk to promote abdominal muscle repair.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Tendon Tissue Engineering: Pathophysiological Mechanism and Bioengineering Therapy of Tendinopathy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Inflammatory Cell Interactions in the Rotator Cuff Microenvironment: Insights From Single-Cell Sequencing.International journal of genomics · 2025Review
- Safety, Efficacy and Bio-Distribution Analysis of Exosomes Derived From Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Effective Treatment of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia by Intranasal Administration in Mice Model.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Article
- New perspectives of the role of skeletal muscle derived extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: the 'dying back' hypothesis.Journal of extracellular biology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMacrophage polarization has been observed in the process of muscle injuries including rotator cuff (RC) muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration after large tendon tears. In our previous study, we showed that fibrogenesis and white adipogenesis of muscle residential fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) cause fibrosis and fatty infiltration and that brown/beige adipogenesis of FAPs promotes rotator cuff muscle regeneration. However, how polarized macrophages and their exosomes regulate FAP differentiation remains unknown.
methodsWe cultured FAPs with M0, M1, and M2 macrophages or 2 × 10
resultsOur results showed that M2 rather than M0 or M1 macrophages stimulates brown/beige fat differentiation of FAPs. However, the effect of GW4869, the exosome inhibitor, diminished this effect. M2 exosomes also promoted FAP Beige differentiation in vitro. The transplantation of M2 macrophages reduced supraspinatus muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration. In vivo injections of M2 exosomes significantly reduced muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration in supraspinatus muscle.
conclusionResults from our study demonstrated that polarized macrophages directly regulated FAP differentiation through their exosomes and M2 macrophage-derived exosomes may serve as a novel treatment option for RC muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.