Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37936102›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2023

Estimating the effect of timing of earned income tax credit refunds on perinatal outcomes: a quasi-experimental study of California births.

Deborah Karasek, Akansha Batra, Rebecca J Baer, Brittany D Chambers Butcher, Sky Feuer, Jonathan D Fuchs, Miriam Kuppermann, Anu Manchikanti Gomez, Aric A Prather, Matt Pantell and 6 more

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In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Deborah KarasekSchool of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University - Portland State University, Portland, USA. karasekd@ohsu.edu.
Akansha BatraDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
Rebecca J BaerCalifornia Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
Brittany D Chambers ButcherDepartment of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, USA.
Sky FeuerDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
Jonathan D FuchsDepartment of Public Health, Population Health Division, San Francisco, USA.
Miriam KuppermannDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
Anu Manchikanti GomezSexual Health and Reproductive Equity Program, School of Social Welfare, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, USA.
Aric A PratherDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
Matt PantellDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
Elizabeth RogersDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
Jonathan M SnowdenSchool of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University - Portland State University, Portland, USA.
Jacqueline TorresDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
Larry RandDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
Laura Jelliffe-PawlowskiCalifornia Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
Rita HamadDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.

Funding

UCSF/Kaiser-DOR Program for Developing Independent Women's Health ResearchersK12HD052163 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI ADLER, NANCY E, BRINDIS, CLAIRE D. · 2005 to 2023
$9.3M
Translational Research Core - Health Engagement & Action Translational (HEAT)P30DK092924 · NIDDK · KAISER FOUNDATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI Alyce Sophia Adams, HILARY Kessler SELIGMAN · 2011 to 2026
$9.2M
Dev-Core-001P2CHD073964 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI JOSHUA R. GOLDSTEIN · 2019 to 2026
$2.9M
NICHD NIH HHS K12 HD052163NICHD NIH HHS P2C HD073964NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK092924
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe largest poverty alleviation program in the US is the earned income tax credit (EITC), providing $60 billion to over 25 million families annually. While research has shown positive impacts of EITC receipt in pregnancy, there is little evidence on whether the timing of receipt may lead to differences in pregnancy outcomes. We used a quasi-experimental difference-in-differences design, taking advantage of EITC tax disbursement each spring to examine whether trimester of receipt was associated with perinatal outcomes.

methodsWe conducted a difference-in-differences analysis of California linked birth certificate and hospital discharge records. The sample was drawn from the linked CA birth certificate and discharge records from 2007-2012 (N = 2,740,707). To predict eligibility, we created a probabilistic algorithm in the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and applied it to the CA data. Primary outcome measures included preterm birth, small-for-gestational age (SGA), gestational diabetes, and gestational hypertension/preeclampsia.

resultsEligibility for EITC receipt during the third trimester was associated with a lower risk of preterm birth compared with preconception. Eligibility for receipt in the preconception period resulted in improved gestational hypertension and SGA.

conclusionThis analysis offers a novel method to impute EITC eligibility using a probabilistic algorithm in a data set with richer sociodemographic information relative to the clinical and administrative data sets from which outcomes are drawn. These results could be used to determine the optimal intervention time point for future income supplementation policies. Future work should examine frequent income supplementation such as the minimum wage or basic income programs.

Indexed as

Hypertension, Pregnancy-InducedPremature BirthCaliforniaFemaleFetal Growth RetardationHumansIncomeIncome TaxInfant, NewbornPregnancyGestational diabetesGestational hypertensionIncome effectsMaternal healthPolicy evaluationPregnancy outcomesPreterm birth

Identifiers

PMID37936102
PMCPMC10629068

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.