Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37935961›Full record

ArticleAesthetic plastic surgery2024

Assessing Preferences of Facial Appearance in Transgender and Gender Nonbinary Patients.

Brendan J Cronin, Sarah Fadich, Justine C Lee

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Aesthetic plastic surgery, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Brendan J CroninDivision of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 200 UCLA Medical Plaza, Suite 460, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. BCronin@mednet.ucla.edu.
Sarah FadichDivision of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 200 UCLA Medical Plaza, Suite 460, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
Justine C LeeDivision of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 200 UCLA Medical Plaza, Suite 460, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWe designed a survey to evaluate preferences of facial appearance in transgender male (TM), transgender female (TF) and gender nonbinary patients to better inform goals of facial gender affirming surgery (FGAS) in gender nonbinary patients.

methodsTM/TF and nonbinary patients > 18 years old were identified via retrospective chart review and distributed an anonymized survey via email from October 3 to December 31, 2022. To assess facial preferences, AI-generated and open-source portraits were edited to create five image sets with a range of features from masculine to feminine for the forehead, mandible/chin and hairline. Data were analyzed using Fisher's exact tests and ANOVA in R-Studio.

resultsSurvey response rate was 32% (180 patients identified via chart review, 58 respondents; TM = 5, TF = 39, nonbinary = 14). TM and TF patients as well as TF and nonbinary patients had significantly different preferences for all regions (p < 0.005; all series), while TM and nonbinary patients did not (p => 0.05; all series). TF patients consistently selected 4s with neutral or more feminine features. TM and nonbinary patients, however, demonstrated no consistent preference for either male or female features but rather a range of responses spanning extremes of both masculine and feminine options. When stratified by sex assigned at birth, nonbinary patients consistently identified preferences opposite to their assigned gender.

conclusionGender nonbinary and TM patients appear to have uniquely individual preferences regarding facial appearance that do not fit into classically masculine or feminine patterns/phenotypes. As a result, we recommend individualized preoperative planning for FGAS to achieve the optimal result in these patient populations. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Indexed as

Gender-Affirming SurgeryTransgender PersonsTranssexualismAdultFaceFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesYoung AdultAesthetic preferencesFacial feminization surgeryFacial masculinization surgeryGender affirming facial surgeryNonbinaryTransgenderTransgender femaleTransgender male

Identifiers

PMID37935961
PMCPMC10954918

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.