ArticleJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2022
Effect of CD4+ T cell count on treatment-emergent adverse events among patients with and without HIV receiving immunotherapy for advanced cancer.
Article in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Initial stage analysis of tislelizumab in combination with chemotherapy for patients with advanced HIV-positive non-small-cell lung cancer: a comparative clinical trial.Anti-cancer drugs · 2026Article
- PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in HIV-associated advanced lung cancer: from mechanisms to clinical practice.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Effective and safe use of immune checkpoint inhibitors for non-small cell lung cancer in people living with HIV.HIV medicine · 2025Review
- Cancer immunotherapy clinical trials to support urgently needed access in low- and middle-income countries: a report from the SITC global access and impact committee.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Review
- The standardization and efficacy of fermentedOpen veterinary journal · 2024Article
- Cancer in People with HIV.Infectious disease clinics of North America · 2024Review
- Real-World Multicenter Study of PD-1 Blockade in HIV-Associated Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma Across the United States.Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia · 2024Article
- A clinical overview of people living with HIV and genitourinary cancer care.Nature reviews. Urology · 2024Review
- Treating Cancer in People With HIV.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2023Review
- Safety and Activity of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in People Living With HIV and Cancer: A Real-World Report From the Cancer Therapy Using Checkpoint Inhibitors in People Living With HIV-International (CATCH-IT) Consortium.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2023Article
- The role of viruses in HIV-associated lymphomas.Seminars in hematology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe Food and Drug Administration recommends that people living with HIV (PWH) with a CD4+ T cell count (CD4) ≥350 cells/µL may be eligible for any cancer clinical trial, but there is reluctance to enter patients with lower CD4 counts into cancer studies, including immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) studies. Patients with relapsed or refractory cancers may have low CD4 due to prior cancer therapies, irrespective of HIV status. It is unclear how baseline CD4 prior to ICI impacts the proportion of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAE) and whether it differs by HIV status in ICI treated patients.
methodsWe conducted a pilot retrospective cohort study of participants eligible for ICI for advanced cancers from three phase 1/2 trials in the USA and Spain. We determined whether baseline CD4 counts differed by HIV status and whether the effect of CD4 counts on incidence of TEAE was modified by HIV status using a multivariable logistic regression model.
resultsOf 122 participants, 66 (54%) were PWH who received either pembrolizumab or durvalumab and 56 (46%) were HIV-negative who received bintrafusp alfa. Median CD4 at baseline was 320 cells/µL (IQR 210-495) among PWH and 356 cells/µL (IQR 260-470) among HIV-negative participants (p=0.5). Grade 3 or worse TEAE were recorded among 7/66 (11%) PWH compared with 7/56 (13%) among HIV-negative participants. When adjusted for prior therapies, age, sex, and race, the effect of baseline CD4 on incidence of TEAE was not modified by HIV status for any TEAE (interaction term p=0.7), or any grade ≥3 TEAE (interaction term p=0.1).
conclusionsThere was no significant difference in baseline CD4 or the proportions of any TEAE and grade ≥3 TEAE by HIV status. CD4 count thresholds for cancer clinical trials should be carefully reviewed to avoid unnecessarily excluding patients with HIV and cancer.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.