ArticleBMC cancer2023
Atovaquone inhibits colorectal cancer metastasis by regulating PDGFRβ/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Article in BMC cancer, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 8 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Uncovering hypothesis-generating associations between prescription drugs and digestive cancer risk: a case-control drug-wide association study (DWAS).Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026Article
- A novel programmed-cell-death-related prognostic risk model for cervical cancer based on mitochondrial genes.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- The oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor, atovaquone, upregulates PD-L1 via activation of the ATM/ATR DNA damage response pathway.Research square · 2026Article
- Integrating machine learning and multi-omics analysis to explore Treg-associated programmed cell death features in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.Cancer cell international · 2026Article
- Identifying Key Pathogenic Mechanisms in Recurrent Glioblastoma Through Bioinformatics Analysis.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- MSN/STAT3 drives cancer stemness and chemoresistance via IL-6/LPAR1 ligand receptor complex in triple-negative breast cancer.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2025Article
- Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value (PIV) and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) are Associated with Distant Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer withInternational journal of general medicine · 2025Article
- Hypericin-mediated photodynamic therapy inhibits metastasis and EMT of colorectal cancer cells by regulating RhoA-ROCK1 signaling pathway.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Retracted
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundColorectal cancer is a common malignant tumour. Invasive growth and distant metastasis are the main characteristics of its malignant biological behaviour, and they are also the primary factors leading to death in colon cancer patients. Atovaquone is an antimalarial drug, and its anticancer effect has recently been demonstrated in several cancer models in vitro and in vivo, but it has not been examined in the treatment of colorectal cancer.
methodsTo elucidate the effect of atovaquone on colorectal cancer. We used RNA transcriptome sequencing, RT‒PCR and Western blot experiments to examine the expression of NF-κB (p-P65), EMT-related proteins and related inflammatory factors (IL1B, IL6, CCL20, CCL2, CXCL8, CXCL6, IL6ST, FAS, IL10 and IL1A). The effect of atovaquone on colorectal cancer metastasis was validated using an animal model of lung metastases. We further used transcriptome sequencing, the GCBI bioinformatics database and the STRING database to predict relevant target proteins. Furthermore, pathological sections were collected from relevant cases for immunohistochemical verification.
resultsThis study showed that atovaquone could inhibit colorectal cancer metastasis and invasion in vivo and in vitro, inhibit the expression of E-cadherin protein, and promote the protein expression of N-cadherin, vimentin, ZEB1, Snail and Slug. Atovaquone could inhibit EMT by inhibiting NF-κB (p-P65) and related inflammatory factors. Further bioinformatics analysis and verification showed that PDGFRβ was one of the targets of atovaquone.
conclusionIn summary, atovaquone can inhibit the expression of NF-κB (p-P65) and related inflammatory factors by inhibiting the protein expression of p-PDGFRβ, thereby inhibiting colorectal cancer metastasis. Atovaquone may be a promising drug for the treatment of colorectal cancer metastasis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.