ArticleNeurobiology of aging2024
Metformin, age-related cognitive decline, and brain pathology.
Article in Neurobiology of aging, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of antidiabetic drugs in Alzheimer´s disease: a systematic review of preclinical and clinical studies.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2025Pooled it
- Hypolipidemics reduce the rate of Alzheimer's disease development and dementia progression: A cohort study linked with genetic and neuropathological analyses.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2026Article
- Metformin for Longevity and Sarcopenia: A Therapeutic Paradox in Aging.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Activation of the AMPK Signaling and Brain Function: A Friend or Foe?Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Review
- Metformin Improves Spatial Memory and Reduces Seizure Severity in a Rat Model of Epilepsy and Alzheimer's Disease comorbidity via PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Age-dependent neuroinflammation response to voluntary wheel running and Metformin treatment in the frontal cortex of ovariectomized female mice.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review of Associations of Diabetes and Insulin Resistance With Brain Health in Three Harmonised Cohort Studies of Ageing and Dementia.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2025Review
- Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) inhibitors in Parkinson disease.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2024Review
- Associations of Serum Insulin and Related Measures With Neuropathology and Cognition in Older Persons With and Without Diabetes.Annals of neurology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the relation of metformin with change in cognition and brain pathology. During a mean of 8 years (SD = 5.5) of annual follow-up visits, 262/3029 participants were using metformin at any time during the study. Using a linear-mixed effect model adjusted for age, sex, and education, metformin users had slower decline on a score of global cognition compared to non-users (estimate = 0.017, SE = 0.007, p = 0.027). Analyses of cognitive domains showed a slower decline in episodic memory and semantic memory specifically. In sensitivity analysis, when examining any diabetes medication use vs none, no association was observed of any diabetes medication use with cognitive function. In the autopsy subset of 1584 participants, there was no difference in the level of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology or the presence of infarcts (of any size or location) between groups of metformin users vs non-users. However, in additional analyses, metformin users had higher odds of subcortical infarcts, and lower odds of atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.