ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2023
Arabic validation of the "Mental Health Knowledge Schedule" and the "Reported and Intended Behavior Scale".
Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Factors associated with mental health stigma among teachers and caregivers of primary school children in Uganda.BMC public health · 2025Trial
- Public knowledge, stigma, and social acceptance toward mental illness in the Gulf region: a cross-sectional survey.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- The Mental Health Literacy and Prevention Survey (mHELP): a brief measure for assessing gatekeepers' mental health literacy in prevention research.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Mental health knowledge, stigma towards mental illness, and help-seeking among adolescents in secondary schools in Kampala, Uganda.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2026Article
- Comparing Public Attitudes to Traditional Biomedical Versus Trauma-Informed Approaches in Psychosis Services.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2026Article
- Adaptation and Validation of the Brazilian Portuguese Version of the Mental Health Knowledge Schedule (MAKS-BR) in the Context of Primary Health Care.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Changes in mental health stigma and well-being: knowledge, attitudes and behavioural intentions among Hong Kong residents between 2021 and 2023.BJPsych open · 2025Article
- Indigenous people display lower mental illness stigma in Aotearoa.The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: Mental illness affects one in eight people in the world according to the WHO. It is a leading cause of morbidity and a major public health problem. Stigma harms the quality of life of people with mental illness. This study aimed at validating the Arabic version of the Mental Health Knowledge Schedule (MAKS) and the Reported and Intended Behavior Scale (RIBS) in a sample of Tunisian students and determining socio-demographic and clinical factors correlated with stigma. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 2,501 Tunisian students who filled in the MAKS, the RIBS, and a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire. The validation of the questionnaires in Arabic was carried out using the validity criteria: face and content validity, reliability, and construct validity. Next, the associations between stigma and sample characteristics have been studied using multivariate linear regression. Results: Face and content validity of the measures MAKS and RIBS were satisfactory, with adequate internal consistency. There were significant positive correlations between the items and scales, and test-retest reliability was excellent. The internal validity showed that the items were well-aligned with the intended factors, and the external validity revealed a significant positive relationship between the MAKS and RIBS. Besides, gender, the field of study, psychiatric history, and contact with someone with a mental illness were all contributing factors to mental illness stigma. Additionally, men performed better than women in terms of behavior toward people with mental illness, while women had a greater level of knowledge about mental health. Conclusion: The Arabic versions of the MAKS and RIBS have appropriate psychometric properties, making them effective tools for evaluating mental illness stigma. With multiple factors contributing to this issue, these instruments can help focus anti-stigma efforts and promote a more inclusive society.
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