ReviewFrontiers in immunology2023
The gut-lung axis in influenza A: the role of gut microbiota in immune balance.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Intriguing Connection Between the Gut and Lung Microbiomes.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Pooled it
- Gut microbial allies and adversaries in SARS-CoV-2 infection.Current research in microbial sciences · 2026Article
- Kai-Bi-Bu-Fei Decoction Protects Mice Against Influenza Virus-Induced Severe Pneumonia via Gut Microbiota-Short Chain Fatty Acid Axis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Virulence attenuation of intestinal pathogenicity via combined gene deletion in duck enteritis vaccine strain restores gut microbiota balance and enhances safety.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection disrupts gut and respiratory microbial communities and networks with incomplete restoration after two months of treatment.Gut pathogens · 2026Article
- The Diabetes-Viral Respiratory Syndemic: Pathophysiological Insights and Precision Management: A Scoping Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Phellinus pini Polysaccharides Regulate Gut Microbiota-Host Metabolism to Attenuate Influenza-Driven Lung Injury.Current microbiology · 2026Article
- Association between influenza A virus and SARS-CoV-2 infections and mood disorders.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Human Microbiota-Associated Pig Models for Translational Microbiome Research: A Scoping Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Persistence and the Gut Microbiota: New Insights into Long COVID Pathogenesis.Viruses · 2026Review
- Heat-KilledMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Fecal microbiota transplantation ameliorates radiation-induced lung injury by reshaping gut metabolic homeostasis to activate FAM134B-mediated ER-phagy.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Advances in Traditional Chinese Medicine interventions for influenza A based on the gut-lung axis: modern evidence for the exterior-interior relationship between the lung and large intestine.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Oral pretreatment withmLife · 2025Article
- Article
- Deliberating the scientific evidence base for influenza transmission to raw milk consumers.Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis · 2025Review
- Gut microbiome and viral infections: A hidden nexus for immune protection.World journal of virology · 2025Review
- Gastrointestinal Infiltration in Influenza Virus Infection: Mechanisms and Clinical Insights.Viruses · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Influenza A, the most common subtype, induces 3 to 5 million severe infections and 250,000 to 500,000 deaths each year. Vaccination is traditionally considered to be the best way to prevent influenza A. Yet because the Influenza A virus (IAV) is highly susceptible to antigenic drift and Antigenic shift, and because of the lag in vaccine production, this poses a significant challenge to vaccine effectiveness. Additionally, much information about the resistance of antiviral drugs, such as Oseltamivir and Baloxavir, has been reported. Therefore, the search for alternative therapies in the treatment of influenza is warranted. Recent studies have found that regulating the gut microbiota (GM) can promote the immune effects of anti-IAV via the gut-lung axis. This includes promoting IAV clearance in the early stages of infection and reducing inflammatory damage in the later stages. In this review, we first review the specific alterations in GM observed in human as well as animal models regarding IAV infection. Then we analyzed the effect of GM on host immunity against IAV, including innate immunity and subsequent adaptive immunity. Finally, our study also summarizes the effects of therapies using probiotics, prebiotics, or herbal medicine in influenza A on intestinal microecological composition and their immunomodulatory effects against IAV.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.