ArticleExperimental and therapeutic medicine2023
Elevated matrix metalloproteinase‑9 expression is associated with COVID‑19 severity: A meta‑analysis.
Article in Experimental and therapeutic medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multiple Sclerosis and Viruses: « Liaisons Dangereuses ».Reviews in medical virology · 2026Review
- Review
- Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) as biomarkers of disease severity in COVID-19 patients.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- Longitudinal trajectories of hematological indices and serum metalloproteinases-2 and 9 over 1 year after moderate and severe COVID-19.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Insight to Neglected Biomarkers in COVID-19: A Comprehensive Narrative Review".Biomarker insights · 2026Review
- Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) as a Therapeutic Target: Insights into Molecular Pathways and Clinical Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- MMP-9 metalloproteinase and its regulator are not associated with mid-term CT residual abnormalities in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.Acta radiologica open · 2025Article
- Nobiletin and Eriodictyol Suppress Release of IL-1β, CXCL8, IL-6, and MMP-9 from LPS, SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein, and Ochratoxin A-Stimulated Human Microglia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Differential Inflammatory Responses in Adult and Pediatric COVID-19 Patients: Implications for Long-Term Consequences and Anti-Inflammatory Treatment.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2024Article
- Long COVID elevated MMP-9 and release from microglia by SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein.Translational neuroscience · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The present meta-analysis investigated the clinical value of serum matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 levels in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Studies assessing the outcomes of patients with COVID-19 in correlation with the MMP-9 levels were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane, WANFANG, and CNKI. A meta-analysis was performed to compare the serum MMP-9 levels between different patient groups: Severe vs. non-severe; acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) vs. non-ARDS; non-survivors vs. survivors; neurologic syndrome vs. non-neurologic syndrome; and obese diabetic vs. non-obese diabetic. A total of 2,062 COVID-19-confirmed patients from 12 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The serum MMP-9 levels were significantly higher in patients with severe COVID-19 than in those with non-severe COVID-19 [weighted mean difference (WMD) 246.61 (95% confidence interval (CI), 115.86-377.36), P<0.001]. Patients with ARDS exhibited significantly higher MMP-9 levels than those without ARDS [WMD 248.55 (95% CI, 63.84-433.25), P<0.001]. The MMP-9 levels in the non-survivors did not significantly differ from those in the survivors [WMD 37.79 (95% CI, -18.08-93.65), P=0.185]. Patients with comorbidities, including neurological syndromes, and obese diabetic patients had significantly higher MMP-9 levels than those without comorbidities [WMD 170.73 (95% CI, 95.61-245.85), P<0.001]. Serum MMP-9 levels were associated with COVID-19 severity and may serve as a therapeutic target for improving the prognosis of patients with COVID-19.
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