ArticleScientific reports2023
In vitro modelling of local gene therapy with IL-15/IL-15Rα and a PD-L1 antagonist in melanoma reveals an interplay between NK cells and CD4
Article in Scientific reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Uncovering the Intricate and Heterogeneous Cellular Microenvironment of Cutaneous Melanoma.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Immunopeptidomics identified antigens for mRNA-lipid nanoparticle vaccines with alpha-galactosylceramide in multiple myeloma therapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- The Multifaceted Role of the IL-2 Cytokine Family in Melanoma: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Implications, and Immune Modulation.Journal of immunology research · 2025Review
- Evaluating the impact of doxorubicin preconditioning on the efficacy of inhaled recombinant human IL-15 immunotherapy in dogs with pulmonary metastasis.Veterinary oncology (London, England) · 2025Article
- Post-translational modification of NK cell receptors offers clues to antigenic specificity riddle.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- SON-1210 - a novel bifunctional IL-12 / IL-15 fusion protein that improves cytokine half-life, targets tumors, and enhances therapeutic efficacy.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Blockade of the immune checkpoint axis consisting of programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 alleviates the functional inhibition of tumor-infiltrating lymphoid cells yet weakly induces their expansion. Exogenous cytokines could further expand lymphoid cells and thus synergize with αPD-L1 therapy. However, systemic delivery of most cytokines causes severe toxicity due to unspecific expansion of immune cells in the periphery. Here, we modelled local delivery of cytokines and αPD-L1 therapeutics to immune cell-containing in vitro melanoma tumors. Three-dimensional tumor models consisting of 624-MEL cells were co-cultured with human peripheral blood lymphoid cells (PBLs) in presence of the cytokines IL-2, IL-7, IL-15, IL-21 and IFN-γ. To model local gene therapy, melanoma tumors were modified with lentiviral vectors encoding IL-15 fused to IL-15Rα (IL-15/IL-15Rα) and K2-Fc, a fusion of a human PD-L1 specific single domain antibody to immunoglobulin (Ig)G1 Fc. To evaluate the interplay between PBL fractions, NK cells, CD4
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.