ArticleJournal of epidemiology and community health2023
Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies over 18 months following infection: UK Biobank COVID-19 Serology Study.
Article in Journal of epidemiology and community health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Longitudinal SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among learners, parents, and teachers in a South African school community.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Article
- Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response across Diverse Clinical Settings in Oman: Insights from a Prospective ELISA-based Study.IJID regions · 2025Article
- Long-Term Durability and Variant-Specific Modulation of SARS-CoV-2 Humoral and Cellular Immunity over Two Years.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Plasma proteomic evidence for increased β-amyloid pathology after SARS-CoV-2 infection.Nature medicine · 2025Article
- Assessment of the prevalence of respiratory pathogens and the level of immunity to respiratory viruses in soldiers and civilian military employees in Poland.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- COVID-19-Related Stress Events and College Student Mental Health During Home Quarantine: The Mediating Role of Negative Cognitive Emotion Regulation and the Moderating Role of Meaning in Life.Psychology research and behavior management · 2025Article
- Decoding the cross-immune pressure: Dengue's role in SARS-CoV-2 evolution.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- Association of SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivity with Persistent Immune Activation in HIV/Tuberculosis Co-Infected Patients.Reports (MDPI) · 2024Article
- A mathematical model for the within-host (re)infection dynamics of SARS-CoV-2.Mathematical biosciences · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies in Three African Countries Following Multiple Distinct Immune Challenges.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG Seroprevalence in Tyrol, Austria, among 28,768 Blood Donors between May 2022 and March 2023.Vaccines · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
25 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLittle is known about the persistence of antibodies after the first year following SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aimed to determine the proportion of individuals that maintain detectable levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies over an 18-month period following infection.
methodsPopulation-based prospective study of 20 000 UK Biobank participants and their adult relatives recruited in May 2020. The proportion of SARS-CoV-2 cases testing positive for immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against the spike protein (IgG-S), and the nucleocapsid protein (IgG-N), was calculated at varying intervals following infection.
resultsOverall, 20 195 participants were recruited. Their median age was 56 years (IQR 39-68), 56% were female and 88% were of white ethnicity. The proportion of SARS-CoV-2 cases with IgG-S antibodies following infection remained high (92%, 95% CI 90%-93%) at 6 months after infection. Levels of IgG-N antibodies following infection gradually decreased from 92% (95% CI 88%-95%) at 3 months to 72% (95% CI 70%-75%) at 18 months. There was no strong evidence of heterogeneity in antibody persistence by age, sex, ethnicity or socioeconomic deprivation.
conclusionThis study adds to the limited evidence on the long-term persistence of antibodies following SARS-CoV-2 infection, with likely implications for waning immunity following infection and the use of IgG-N in population surveys.
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