ArticleCancer cell2023
Anti-PD-1 immunotherapy with androgen deprivation therapy induces robust immune infiltration in metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer.
Article in Cancer cell, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03951831 (Phase II, Open-label, Single-center Study Evaluating Safety and Activity of Androgen Deprivation Therapy Followed by Chemoimmunotherapy for Newly Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer), which is not on this map. Cited by 65 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Phase II, Open-label, Single-center Study Evaluating Safety and Activity of Androgen Deprivation Therapy Followed by Chemoimmunotherapy for Newly Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer (mHSPC)
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Exercise on Immune System Markers in Cancer Patients and Survivors: A Systematic Review.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Peripheral monocyte ratio as a predictive biomarker for metastasis-directed therapy in prostate cancer: insights from an exploratory study.BMC cancer · 2026Trial
- Continuous Androgen Deprivation Therapy with or Without Metastasis-directed Therapy for Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer: The Multicenter Phase 2 Randomized EXTEND Trial.European urology · 2025Trial
- Lineage plasticity-driven immunometabolic state transitions in advanced prostate cancer: biomarkers and therapeutic stratification.Seminars in immunopathology · 2026Review
- Cofilin1-driven cytoskeletal remodeling modulates pan-cancer CD8Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Molecular Mechanisms and Immune Regulation in Prostate Cancer: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- CXCR2-mediated metabolic interaction between prostate cancer cells and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Neoadjuvant intraprostatic immunotherapy for high-risk localized prostate cancer.Nature reviews. Urology · 2026Review
- Single-Cell Analysis Reveals Pre-Existing Basal-Associated Epithelial States in Metastatic Hormone-Naïve Prostate Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Gasdermin D antagonizes immunosuppression in prostate cancer by inducing LAMC2 degradation to block M2 macrophage polarization.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Impaired vitamin D signaling reveals neutrophils as key drivers of prostate cancer dissemination.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Aberrant activation of epigenetic BRD9-DGAT1 axis promotes lipid droplets deposition and ferroptosis resistance in YAP-high prostate cancer.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Androgens are a Key Factor Affecting Immune Related Diseases.The world journal of men's health · 2026Review
- Integrated transcriptomics and single-cell analysis identify ITGAX⁺ macrophages as key immunosuppressive factors in the prostate cancer tumor microenvironment.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- Dual regulation of CXCR6Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Cathepsins in prostate cancer: multifunctional regulators in tumor progression and therapeutic prospects-a narrative review.Translational andrology and urology · 2026Review
- Exploring the biology of metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: on the road to precision medicine.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Emerging therapies to overcome antiandrogen resistance and beyond in lethal prostate cancer.Journal of the National Cancer Center · 2026Review
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
21 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
When compared to other malignancies, the tumor microenvironment (TME) of primary and castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is relatively devoid of immune infiltrates. While androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) induces a complex immune infiltrate in localized prostate cancer, the composition of the TME in metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC), and the effects of ADT and other treatments in this context are poorly understood. Here, we perform a comprehensive single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) profiling of metastatic sites from patients participating in a phase 2 clinical trial (NCT03951831) that evaluated standard-of-care chemo-hormonal therapy combined with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. We perform a longitudinal, protein activity-based analysis of TME subpopulations, revealing immune subpopulations conserved across multiple metastatic sites. We also observe dynamic changes in these immune subpopulations in response to treatment and a correlation with clinical outcomes. Our study uncovers a therapy-resistant, transcriptionally distinct tumor subpopulation that expands in cell number in treatment-refractory patients.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.