ReviewResuscitation plus2023
Virtual reality in simulation-based emergency skills training: A systematic review with a narrative synthesis.
Review in Resuscitation plus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Global trends and thematic clusters in healthcare professional education, medical errors, and patient safety: a bibliometric analysis, 2000-2026.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- The utilization of virtual reality in the training of de-escalation of aggression for both providers and users of public and healthcare services from the new millennium to the COVID-19 era: a systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of repeated exposure to an identical multi-user virtual reality anaphylaxis scenario on paramedic trainee performance: a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Effectiveness of VR and traditional training in medical education for mass casualty management: an OSCE-based randomized controlled trial.BMC medical education · 2026Trial
- Comparing Virtual Reality-Based and Traditional Physical Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) Stations for Clinical Competency Assessments: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Trial
- Virtual Reality Technology in Otolaryngology Patient Care Management: A Narrative Review of Current Evidence and Future Prospects.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Review
- Virtual Reality Simulation in Postgraduate Pediatric Critical Care Training Based on Trainee Perceptions in London: Exploratory Mixed Methods Study.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- Virtual reality applications in emergency nursing education: a scoping review.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- Article
- From street to lifesaving: a pre-post study of a blended serious game-based CPR training program for food delivery riders.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Adapting the TeamSTEPPS team performance observation tool for dyadic interprofessional VR simulations (vTPOT): a multi-step validation study.Advances in simulation (London, England) · 2026Article
- Article
- A cross-sectional comparison of nursing knowledge attitudes and practices in adverse event management based on simulation training experience.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Eye-Tracking Analysis of Attention Disruptions Under Realistic Interruptions During Trauma Management; A Cross-sectional Study in a Simulated Virtual Reality.Archives of academic emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of fully immersive virtual reality-based simulation training on objective knowledge acquisition in acute coronary syndrome/ST-elevation myocardial infarction emergency management: a pre-post-intervention study.European heart journal. Digital health · 2026Article
- Pediatric procedural sedation and analgesia in the emergency setting in community hospitals in Italy: current status and challenges.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Immersive virtual reality training: Addressing challenges and unlocking potentials.Medical education · 2025Article
- Digital Health Interventions in Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care Services in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Scoping Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- A Feasibility Study of Virtual Reality and 360° Video Training for Anterior Nasal Packing.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2025Article
- Virtual reality for stroke rehabilitation: time to rethink? Lessons from a Cochrane review.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: An important role is predicted for virtual reality (VR) in the future of medical education. We performed a systematic review of the literature with a narrative synthesis, to examine the current evidence for VR in simulation-based emergency skills training. We broadly define emergency skills as any clinical skill used in the emergency care of patients across all clinical settings. Methods: This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The data sources accessed during this study included: PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, AMED, EMCARE, HMIC, BNI, PsychINFO, Medline, CENTRAL, SCOPUS, Web of Science, BIOSIS Citation Index, ERIC, ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, and ProQuest Dissertations and Thesis Global. Cochrane's Rob 2 and ROBVIS tools were used during study quality assessment. No ethical review was required for this work. Results: Thirty-four articles published between 14th March 1998 and 1st March 2022 were included in this review. Studies were predominantly conducted in the USA and Europe and focussed on a variety of healthcare disciplines including medical, nursing, and allied health. VR education was delivered using head-mounted displays, Cave Automatic Virtual Environment systems, and bespoke setups. These systems delivered education in a variety of areas (emergency medicine, equipment training, obstetrics, and basic/advanced life support). Subjective potential advantages of this technology included realism, replayability, and time-effectiveness. Reports of adverse events were low in frequency across the included studies. Whilst clear educational benefit was generally noted, this was not reflected in changes to patient-based outcomes. Conclusion: There may be educational benefit to using VR in the context of simulation-based emergency skills training including knowledge gain and retention, skill performance, acceptability, usability, and validity. Currently, there is insufficient evidence to demonstrate clear cost-effectiveness, or direct improvement of patient or institutional outcomes, at this stage.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.