ArticleAJPM focus2023
Evolution of Depression and Anxiety During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Across Demographic Groups in a Large Sample of U.S. Adults.
Article in AJPM focus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assets and depression in U.S. adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2024Pooled it
- Fluctuating recovery: Trajectories of young adult mental health through the COVID-19 pandemic 2020-2022.Journal of affective disorders · 2025Article
- Symptoms of Mental Health Conditions and Their Predictors Among U.S. Adults During the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The role of financial stress, food insecurity, and COVID-19-related illness concerns shaping mental health in five South Asian countries during the pandemic (2020-2022): A secondary analysis of the online COVID-19 Trends and Impact Survey (CTIS) data.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Impact of pandemic-related worries on mental health in India from 2020 to 2022.Npj mental health research · 2024Article
- Prevalence and associated factors of depression, anxiety and stress among clinical therapists in China in the context of early COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to document the trends of feelings of depression and anxiety over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic within and across age, gender, education, and employment groups. Methods: Using a large, national, serial cross-sectional sample of adults in the U.S. collected through the COVID-19 Trends and Impact Survey conducted in partnership with Facebook, we examined trends in feelings of depression and anxiety from April 2020 through June 2022 (N=21,359,165). Results: Over time, differences in feelings of anxiety and depression widened for educational attainment, stayed consistent between employment groups, and narrowed for female versus male and age groups. The odds of frequent feelings of anxiety or depression were significantly lower in the studied final quarter (April-June 2022) than in the studied first quarter (October-December 2020) for the overall population ( Conclusions: The risk factors most highly associated with poor mental health 2 years into the pandemic were young age, nonbinary gender, and low educational attainment.
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Registered trials
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