ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2023
Surveillance, epidemiology, and impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 interventions on the incidence of enterovirus infections in Nanchang, China, 2010-2022.
Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent advances on coxsackievirus A6 vaccine research.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Evolutionary and molecular characteristics of high-Shannon entropy codons in VP1 of Coxsackievirus A6.The Journal of general virology · 2026Article
- An ARIMAX model integrating Baidu index for improved hand, foot, and mouth disease incidence prediction.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Global distribution and evolution of nine major non-polio enteroviruses revealed by genomic data mining.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- Dynamic changes of hand, foot, and mouth disease epidemic crossing three periods in Jiangxi Province, China: a long-term epidemiology retrospective study from 2009 to 2022.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal dynamics and genotypic shift of Coxsackievirus A16 in Fujian, China, from 2010 to 2025.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Epidemiological trends of hand, foot, and mouth disease in children under age 10, Jiangning District, Jiangsu, China (2009-2023).BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Incidence of Notifiable Infectious Diseases in China Based on SARIMA Models Between 2013 and 2021.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2024Article
- Sensitive and Accurate Quantification of Enterovirus-D68 (EV-D68) Viral Loads Using Droplet Digital PCR (ddPCR).Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Genomic surveillance reveals low-level circulation of two subtypes of genogroup C coxsackievirus A10 in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China, 2015-2023.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
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13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Pathogen spectrum of Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) has substantially changed in the past decade in China. Growing evidence has indicated that anti-COVID-19 nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) can support control of various infectious diseases, including intestinal diseases. Methods: In this study, HFMD cases were enrolled from sentinel hospitals of Nanchang, Jiangxi province, and enteroviruses were genotyped using specific real time RT-PCR. We systematically characterized the epidemiology of HFMD based on the continuous molecular surveillance and estimated the impact of COVID-19 intervention on HFMD incidence using seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models. Results: A total of 10247 HFMD cases were included during 2010-2022, of which 6121 enterovirus (EV)-positive cases (59.7%) were identified by real-time RT-PCR. Over 80% cases were associated with EV-A71 and coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) during 2010-2012, while the type distribution significantly changed as CVA6 emerged to be dominant, accounting for 22.6%-59.6% during 2013-2022. It was observed that the prevalence patterns of EV-A71 and CVA16 were similar and both of them peaked in the second quarter and then leveled off. However, CVA6 was generally prevalent around the fourth quarter, demonstrating a staggered prevalence during 2010-2019. During the COVID-19 epidemic, the seasonal HFMD epidemic peak was restrained, and the ARIMA analysis indicated that the COVID-19 intervention had mitigated EV transmission during the first COVID-19 outbreak in early 2020. In addition, bivariate Spearman's cross-correlation coefficients were estimated for the major types CVA6, CVA16 and EV-A71. Our analyses indicated the possible existence of correlations among CVA6, CVA16 and EV-A71 prevalence in the epidemiological level. Discussion: Taken together, the type distribution of HFMD has substantially changed over the last decade and CVA6 and CVA16 are currently the most predominant types co-circulating in Nanchang. The anti-COVID-19 NPIs significantly reduced the incidence of EV infections.
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