SynthesisCardiovascular diabetology2023
High BMI and the risk for incident type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregated cohort studies.
Synthesis in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06670625 (Intensive Dietary and Activity Counselling), which is not on this map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Intensive Dietary and Activity Counselling
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Body Size on Preclinical Type 1 Diabetes Development and Progression.Diabetes care · 2026Review
- BMI Normalization Is Associated With Lower Risk of Progression to Type 1 Diabetes, Primarily in Youth.Diabetes care · 2026Article
- Increasing incidence of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents from 2012 to 2021 in Germany: trends before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.European journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Metabolic Trajectories Before Diabetes Diagnosis Across Subgroups: A Pooled Analysis of Prospective European Cohort Studies.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Article
- Article
- Review
- Thyroid, Celiac, and Other Autoimmune Diseases and the Risk of Incident Type 1 Diabetes in Young Adulthood.Diabetes care · 2026Article
- Prevalence and characteristics of overweight/obesity in children newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes in Kuwait.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Small things matter: Lack of extraislet β cells in type 1 diabetes.Science advances · 2025Article
- Metabolic disorders in young people around the world.Diabetologia · 2025Review
- Immune cell-adipose tissue crosstalk in metabolic diseases with a focus on type 1 diabetes.Diabetologia · 2025Review
- Gestational diabetes and parental type 2 diabetes as risk indicators for type 1 diabetes in offspring: a systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Global burden of asthma attributable to high body mass index in older adults 1990-2021 and prediction to 2050: An analysis of Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2025Article
- Article
- BMI trajectories among children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus at a tertiary diabetes center.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Time to reframe the disease staging system for type 1 diabetes.The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere is uncertainty regarding the role of obesity in type 1 diabetes development. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to collect and synthesize evidence regarding BMI and the risk of developing type 1 diabetes.
methodsA systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to assess the association between BMI and incident type 1 diabetes. Databases were searched up to June 2022. Cohort studies were included reporting the association between overweight and/or obesity, as measured by BMI after age 2 years, with incident type 1 diabetes. Independent reviewers extracted data and assessed study quality. Risk estimates were pooled using a random-effects model.
resultsTen cohort studies met the inclusion criteria. The seven studies that classified BMI into categories were of high quality and involved 1,690,660 individuals and 1979 incident type 1 diabetes cases. The pooled risk ratio (RR) for type 1 diabetes was 1.35 (95% CI 0.93-1.97) among people with overweight (3 studies); 2.17 (95% CI 1.75-2.69) among people with obesity (5 studies); and 1·87 (95% CI 1.52-2.29) among people with overweight/obesity (two studies merged the categories). These point estimates persisted in sensitivity analyses that addressed the duration of follow-up, variability in baseline risk for incident type 1 diabetes, and potential misclassifications related to exposure or outcome definitions. People with overweight/obesity had a 2.55 (95% CI 1.11-5.86) greater risk for incident type 1 diabetes with positive islet autoantibodies.
conclusionThis systematic review and meta-analysis of high-quality observational cohort studies indicated an association between high BMI and the risk of type 1 diabetes, in a graded manner.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.