Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37919690›Full record

ArticleBMC veterinary research2023

Evaluation of risk factors for treatment failure in canine patients undergoing photoactivated chromophore for keratitis - corneal cross-linking (PACK-CXL): a retrospective study using additive bayesian network analysis.

M E Kowalska, A K Shukla, K Arteaga, M Crasta, C Dixon, F Famose, S Hartnack, S A Pot

Open access · goldAbstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC veterinary research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

M E Kowalska *Ophthalmology Section, Equine Department, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. malwina.kowalska@uzh.ch.
A K Shukla *Ophthalmology Section, Equine Department, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
K ArteagaAniCura Vision Vet Veterinary Eye Clinic, Bologna, Italy.
M CrastaAniCura Vision Vet Veterinary Eye Clinic, Bologna, Italy.
C DixonVeterinary Vision, Penrith, UK.
F FamoseClinique Vétérinaire d'Ophtalmologie Spécialisée, Blagnac, France.
S HartnackEpidemiology Section, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
S A PotOphthalmology Section, Equine Department, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
University of Zurich · CHPenrith Community Hospital · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInfectious keratitis is a common ophthalmic condition in canine patients. Sequelae can include keratomalacia and corneal perforation, a vision threatening outcome. Photoactivated chromophore for keratitis - corneal cross-linking (PACK-CXL) is a non-surgical, adjunctive treatment method for infectious keratitis. The goal of this retrospective, multicenter study was to determine risk factors for treatment failure following PACK-CXL in canine patients suffering from suspected infectious keratitis. Medical records from four veterinary ophthalmology services were reviewed, and information related to patient demographics, ophthalmic findings, the PACK-CXL protocol used, and epithelialization time was collected and analyzed. Due to the potential for intervariable relationships, an additive Bayesian network (ABN) analysis was performed to evaluate these complex relationships.

resultsRecords for 671 eyes (668 dogs) were included in the analysis. Based on the ABN, in the population included here, patients who underwent an accelerated PACK-CXL protocol were less likely to experience treatment failure versus patients treated with a slow protocol. Mutual dependencies between exposure variables were identified by ABN, which would have been overlooked using classical regression. Corneal re-epithelialization time was shortened following PACK-CXL combined with topical medical therapy compared to PACK-CXL alone.

conclusionsNo risk factors associated with treatment failure were identified in the population included in the present study. Canine patients may benefit from the use of accelerated PACK-CXL protocols, especially when combined with topical antibiotics and anti-collagenolytic therapy. The reasons for this apparent positive impact on treatment outcome remain unclear.

Indexed as

Dog DiseasesEye Infections, BacterialKeratitisPhotochemotherapyAnimalsBayes TheoremCorneal Cross-LinkingCross-Linking ReagentsDogsPhotosensitizing AgentsRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsTreatment FailureUltraviolet RaysCross-Linking ReagentsPhotosensitizing AgentsAdditive bayesian networkCanineCorneal UlcerDirected acyclic graphInfectious keratitisPACK-CXLPhotoactivated chromophore for keratitis – corneal cross-linking

Identifiers

PMID37919690
PMCPMC10621152
OpenAlexW4388231586

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.