Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37919485›Full record

ArticleIndian journal of pediatrics2025

Assessment of Blood Lead Level of School Children in 10 Cities of India: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Divas Kumar, Shally Awasthi, Abbas Ali Mahdi, Shweta Singh, Anuj Kumar Pandey, Girdhar G Agarwal, Thekkumkara Surendran Anish, Somashekar A R, Sonali Kar, Suma Nair and 5 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Indian journal of pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 11 institutions in 1 country.

Divas KumarDepartment of Pediatrics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Shally AwasthiDepartment of Pediatrics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. shally07@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0003-1254-9802
Abbas Ali MahdiDepartment of Biochemistry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Shweta SinghDepartment of Psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Anuj Kumar PandeyDepartment of Pediatrics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Girdhar G AgarwalDepartment of Statistics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Thekkumkara Surendran AnishDepartment of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
Somashekar A RDepartment of Pediatrics, M. S. Ramaiah Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Sonali KarDepartment of Community Medicine, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India.
Suma NairSchool of Public Health, DY Patil Deemed to be University, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Joseph L MathewDepartment of Pediatric Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Chandigarh, India.
Mushtaq A BhatDepartment of Pediatrics, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India.
B N MahantaDepartment of Medicine, Assam Medical College, Dibrugarh, Assam, India.
Kuldeep SinghDepartment of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
C M SinghDepartment of Community & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India.
King George's Medical University · INAll India Institute of Medical Sciences · INAll India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar · INAll India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur · INAssam Medical College · IND.Y. Patil University · INGovernment Medical College · INM.S. Ramaiah Medical College · INPost Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research · INSher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences · INUniversity of Lucknow · IN

Funding

Hindustan Unilever Limited 212332
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo assess the blood lead level (BLL) of school children in 10 cities of India.

methodsThis multi-centric cross-sectional study enrolled participants from randomly selected schools. Data on demographic details, socioeconomic status (SES) and anthropometric indicators was collected. Samples were collected for assessment of lead level in blood. Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry technique was used to assess BLL.

resultsFrom April 2019 through February 2020, 2247 participants were recruited from sixty schools (62.6% government schools) with equal gender distribution. The overall median (interquartile range) BLL was 8.8 (4.8, 16.4) µg/dl. The highest median (interquartile range) BLL was in Manipal 30.6 (23.0, 46.7) and lowest in Dibrugarh 4.8 (3.2, 7.0). Overall, 82.5% of participants had BLL above ≤4 µg/dl. Significant negative correlation was observed between BLL and SES (correlation= -0.24, p <0.001), anthropometric indicators (correlation= -0.11, p <0.001), hemoglobin level (correlation= -0.045, p = 0.03) and multivariate regression model showed association with gender, SES and anthropometric indicators.

conclusionsBLL are elevated in urban school going children and there is intercity variation. Hence, urgent focus is needed to reduce exposure to lead in India.

Indexed as

Environmental ExposureLeadLead PoisoningAdolescentChildCitiesCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansIndiaMaleSchoolsUrban PopulationLeadBlood lead levelIndiaLead toxicitySchool age children

Identifiers

PMID37919485
OpenAlexW4388300853

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.