ArticleMicrobes and infection
Insight into the structural hierarchy of the protease cascade that regulates the mosquito melanization response.
Article in Microbes and infection. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Partial reconstitution of the prophenoloxidase activation system inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Article
- The expanded immunoregulatory protease network in mosquitoes is governed by gene coexpression.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Advances in the dissection of Anopheles-Plasmodium interactions.PLoS pathogens · 2025Review
- CLIPA protein pairs function as cofactors for prophenoloxidase activation in Anopheles gambiae.Insect biochemistry and molecular biology · 2025Article
- Late sporogonic stages ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Late sporogonic stages ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- CLIPB4 is a central node in the protease network that regulates humoral immunity in Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- CLIPB4 Is a Central Node in the Protease Network that Regulates Humoral Immunity in Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes.Journal of innate immunity · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Serine protease cascades regulate important insect immune responses, including melanization and Toll pathway activation. In the context of melanization, central components of these cascades are clip domain serine proteases (CLIPs) including the catalytic, clip domain serine proteases (cSPs) and their non-catalytic homologs (cSPHs). Here, we define partially the structural hierarchy of An. gambiae cSPs of the CLIPB family, central players in melanization, and characterize their relative contributions to bacterial melanization and to mosquito susceptibility to bacterial infections. Using in vivo genetic analysis we show that the protease cascade branches downstream of the cSPs CLIPB4 and CLIPB17 into two branches one converging on CLIPB10 and the second on CLIPB8. We also show that the contribution of key cSPHs to melanization in vivo in response to diverse microbial challenges is more significant than any of the individual cSPs, possibly due to partial functional redundancy among the latter. Interestingly, we show that the key cSPH CLIPA8 which is essential for the efficient activation cleavage of CLIPBs in vivo is efficiently cleaved itself by several CLIPBs in vitro, suggesting that cSPs and cSPHs regulate signal amplification and propagation in melanization cascades by providing positive reinforcement upstream and downstream of each other.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.