ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2023
Phylogenomics of Leptospira santarosai, a prevalent pathogenic species in the Americas.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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16 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of selected flavonoids against pathogenic Leptospira species.Archives of microbiology · 2026Article
- Genetic Epidemiology of Bovine Leptospirosis: A Global Perspective from Sequence and Genome Datasets.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Host adaptation drives genome evolution and virulence diversification in a bacterial zoonotic pathogen.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Review
- Revisiting genital leptospirosis in large animals: impacts on reproductive health, diagnostic challenges, and future directions.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2026Review
- Integrative assessment of species-level genetic markers for the diagnosis of pathogenicFrontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Host-Driven Genetic Diversity ofTransboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Distinct strategies of epithelial cell barrier disruption by Leptospira interrogans isolated from human patients in Okinawa, Japan.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Shaping the future ofJournal of medical microbiology · 2025Review
- In-house isolation protocol from human serum samples demonstrates the circulating of a broad diversity of Leptospira serogroups in Costa Rica.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- How Is Bovine Genital Leptospirosis Diagnosed Under Field Conditions?Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Malaria, Dengue Fever, and Leptospirosis in the Urabá Antioqueño Region, Colombia: Etiological and Molecular Characterization among Patients with Acute Undifferentiated Febrile Illness.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Molecular Characterization ofTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Article
- Genetic structure and diversity of theLife science alliance · 2024Article
- Bovine Genital Leptospirosis: An Update of This Important Reproductive Disease.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- Comparative genomics ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLeptospirosis is a complex zoonotic disease mostly caused by a group of eight pathogenic species (L. interrogans, L. borgpetersenii, L. kirschneri, L. mayottensis, L. noguchii, L. santarosai, L. weilii, L. alexanderi), with a wide spectrum of animal reservoirs and patient outcomes. Leptospira interrogans is considered as the leading causative agent of leptospirosis worldwide and it is the most studied species. However, the genomic features and phylogeography of other Leptospira pathogenic species remain to be determined. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsHere we investigated the genome diversity of the main pathogenic Leptospira species based on a collection of 914 genomes from strains isolated around the world. Genome analyses revealed species-specific genome size and GC content, and an open pangenome in the pathogenic species, except for L. mayottensis. Taking advantage of a new set of genomes of L. santarosai strains isolated from patients in Costa Rica, we took a closer look at this species. L. santarosai strains are largely distributed in America, including the Caribbean islands, with over 96% of the available genomes originating from this continent. Phylogenetic analysis showed high genetic diversity within L. santarosai, and the clonal groups identified by cgMLST were strongly associated with geographical areas. Serotype identification based on serogrouping and/or analysis of the O-antigen biosynthesis gene loci further confirmed the great diversity of strains within the species. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: In conclusion, we report a comprehensive genome analysis of pathogenic Leptospira species with a focus on L. santarosai. Our study sheds new light onto the genomic diversity, evolutionary history, and epidemiology of leptospirosis in America and globally. Our findings also expand our knowledge of the genes driving O-antigen diversity. In addition, our work provides a framework for understanding the virulence and spread of L. santarosai and for improving its surveillance in both humans and animals.
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