ArticleMMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report2023
Vaccination Coverage by Age 24 Months Among Children Born in 2019 and 2020 - National Immunization Survey-Child, United States, 2020-2022.
Article in MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed.
- Tiered Clinician Vaccine Communication Strategy to Improve Childhood Vaccine Uptake: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- Sociodemographic Risk Factors for Incomplete Routine Childhood Immunizations Among Children Born During the COVID-19 Pandemic, Louisiana, March 1, 2020-July 1, 2021.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974) · 2026Article
- Tetanus Control in the United States and Global Disaster Settings: Public Health Disparities and Prevention Strategies.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Pregnant women's needs regarding the Tdap vaccine: Insights from Reddit discussions.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Influence of area-level social vulnerability on all-cause pneumonia, all-cause acute otitis media, and invasive pneumococcal disease incidence among Medicaid-enrolled children.Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic Disparities in Childhood Vaccination Coverage in the United States: Evidence from a Post-COVID-19 Birth Cohort.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Healthcare worker perspectives on system-level barriers to hepatitis B birth dose vaccination: An analysis in five urban U.S. hospitals.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Visual analysis of the research frontiers, hotspots and development trends of immunization programs for women and children.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Vaccination Coverage and Determinants Among Children Aged 12-35 Months Following Internal Conflict in Yemen: Insights from a Nationwide Population-Based Survey.Maternal and child health journal · 2025Article
- Emerging and Pandemic Pathogens: Lessons Learned From a Clinical Research Network.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Review
- Childhood Immunization Gaps in New York State After COVID-19: A Focus on Regional Disparities.Cureus · 2025Article
- Article
- Factors associated with parental literacy and hesitancy toward pediatric vaccination.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Trends in viral hepatitis-related mortality in the United States from 1999 to 2022: A retrospective study.World journal of hepatology · 2025Article
- Construction and Preclinical Evaluation of a Recombinant Attenuated Measles Vaccine Candidate of the H1a Genotype.Vaccines · 2025Article
- COVID-19 and Completion of Select Routine Childhood Vaccinations.Pediatrics · 2025Article
- Pertussis in the Post-COVID-19 Era: Resurgence, Diagnosis, and Management.Infection & chemotherapy · 2025Review
- Adolescents' knowledge of and confidence in vaccines improves with board game play.Discover education · 2025Article
- Disparities in invasive pneumococcal disease, pneumonia, and otitis media among US children by comorbidity profile and insurance status.Frontiers in public health · 2025Observational
- Trends and disparities in birth vaccination in the United States: a nationwide study.Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
National Immunization Survey-Child data collected in 2022 were combined with data from previous years to assemble birth cohorts and assess coverage with routine vaccines by age 24 months by birth cohort. Overall, vaccination coverage was similar among children born during 2019-2020 compared with children born during 2017-2018, except that coverage with both the birth dose of hepatitis B vaccine and ≥1 dose of hepatitis A vaccine increased. Coverage was generally higher among non-Hispanic White (White) children (2-21 percentage points higher than coverage for non-Hispanic Black or African American, Hispanic or Latino, and non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native [AI/AN] children), children living at or above poverty (3.5-22 percentage points higher than coverage for children living below the federal poverty level), privately insured children (2.4-38 percentage points higher than coverage for children with Medicaid, other insurance, or no insurance), and children in urban areas (3-16.5 percentage points higher than coverage for children living in rural areas). Coverage with the full series of Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine was lower among AI/AN children compared with White children. Trends in vaccination coverage disparities across categories of race and ethnicity, health insurance status, poverty status, and urbanicity were evaluated for the 2016-2020 birth cohorts. Fewer than 5% of 168 trends examined were statistically significant, including six increases (widening of the coverage gap) and one decrease (narrowing of the gap). Analyses revealed a widening of the gap between children living at or above the poverty level (higher coverage) and those living below poverty (lower coverage), for several vaccines. Socioeconomic, demographic, and geographic disparities in vaccination coverage persist; addressing them is important to ensure protection for all children against vaccine-preventable disease.
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