Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37915069›Full record

ArticleBiology of sex differences2023

Variability of temperature measurements recorded by a wearable device by biological sex.

Lauryn Keeler Bruce, Patrick Kasl, Severine Soltani, Varun K Viswanath, Wendy Hartogensis, Stephan Dilchert, Frederick M Hecht, Anoushka Chowdhary, Claudine Anglo, Leena Pandya and 5 more

Erratum issuedOpen access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Biology of sex differences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Observational
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Lauryn Keeler BruceUC San Diego Health Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Patrick KaslShu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, , La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.
Severine SoltaniBioinformatics and Systems Biology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Varun K ViswanathDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Wendy HartogensisOsher Center for Integrative Health, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Stephan DilchertDepartment of Management, Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
Frederick M HechtOsher Center for Integrative Health, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Anoushka ChowdharyOsher Center for Integrative Health, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Claudine AngloOsher Center for Integrative Health, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Leena PandyaOsher Center for Integrative Health, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Subhasis DasguptaSan Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Ilkay AltintasHalıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Amarnath GuptaHalıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Ashley E Mason *Osher Center for Integrative Health, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Benjamin L Smarr *Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, , La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA. bsmarr@eng.ucsd.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4442-3956
University of California, San Francisco · USUniversity of California San Diego · USSan Diego Supercomputer Center · USBaruch College · USUC San Diego Health System · US

Funding

San Diego Biomedical Informatics Education & Research (SABER)T15LM011271 · NLM · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SHAMIM NEMATI · 2012 to 2026
$9.7M
Graduate Training Program in BioinformaticsT32GM139790 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI BAFNA, VINEET, GAASTERLAND, THERESA · 2021 to 2025
$2.1M
Mentoring and Research in Integrative MedicineK24AT007827 · NCCIH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI HECHT, FREDERICK M · 2013 to 2022
$1.8M
NCCIH NIH HHS K24 AT007827NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM139790NLM NIH HHS T15 LM011271
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFemales have been historically excluded from biomedical research due in part to the documented presumption that results with male subjects will generalize effectively to females. This has been justified in part by the assumption that ovarian rhythms will increase the overall variance of pooled random samples. But not all variance in samples is random. Human biometrics are continuously changing in response to stimuli and biological rhythms; single measurements taken sporadically do not easily support exploration of variance across time scales. Recently we reported that in mice, core body temperature measured longitudinally shows higher variance in males than cycling females, both within and across individuals at multiple time scales.

methodsHere, we explore longitudinal human distal body temperature, measured by a wearable sensor device (Oura Ring), for 6 months in females and males ranging in age from 20 to 79 years. In this study, we did not limit the comparisons to female versus male, but instead we developed a method for categorizing individuals as cyclic or acyclic depending on the presence of a roughly monthly pattern to their nightly temperature. We then compared structure and variance across time scales using multiple standard instruments.

resultsSex differences exist as expected, but across multiple statistical comparisons and timescales, there was no one group that consistently exceeded the others in variance. When variability was assessed across time, females, whether or not their temperature contained monthly cycles, did not significantly differ from males both on daily and monthly time scales.

conclusionsThese findings contradict the viewpoint that human females are too variable across menstrual cycles to include in biomedical research. Longitudinal temperature of females does not accumulate greater measurement error over time than do males and the majority of unexplained variance is within sex category, not between them.

Indexed as

Menstrual CycleWearable Electronic DevicesAdultAgedAnimalsFemaleHumansMaleMiceMiddle AgedPeriodicitySex CharacteristicsTemperatureYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID37915069
PMCPMC10619297
OpenAlexW4388111134

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.