ArticleScientific reports2023
Exploring cross-cultural variations in visual attention patterns inside and outside national borders using immersive virtual reality.
Article in Scientific reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Errors or Adaptations? A Critical Review of Predictive Processing in Psychiatry.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Task Engagement in Matrix Reasoning Performance: A Cross-Cultural Investigation in China and the United Kingdom.Journal of Intelligence · 2026Article
- Presence Is Reality: Rethinking Virtual and Real-World Consciousness.Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2026Article
- Cultural and relational factors in interpersonal distance regulation: evidence from a 2D screen-based task in Spain, Italy, and Japan.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Cross-cultural analysis of eye-movement patterns in visual scene perception: a comparison of seven cultural samples.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Crossmodal Correspondence Mediates Crossmodal Transfer from Visual to Auditory Stimuli in Category Learning.Journal of Intelligence · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
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Abstract
We examined theories of cross-cultural differences in cognitive style on a sample of 242 participants representing five cultural groups (Czechia, Ghana, eastern and western Turkey, and Taiwan). The experiment involved immersive virtual environments consisting of two salient focal objects and a complex background as stimuli, which were presented using virtual reality headsets with integrated eye-tracking devices. The oculomotor patterns confirmed previous general conclusions that Eastern cultures have a more holistic cognitive style, while Western cultures predominantly have an analytic cognitive style. The differences were particularly noticeable between Taiwan and the other samples. However, we found that the broader cultural background of each group was perhaps just as important as geographical location or national boundaries. For example, observed differences between Eastern (more holistic style) and Western Turkey (more analytic style), suggest the possible influence of varying historical and cultural characteristics on the cognitive processing of complex visual stimuli.
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