ArticlePLOS digital health2023
Hallucination or Confabulation? Neuroanatomy as metaphor in Large Language Models.
Article in PLOS digital health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed.
- Comparison of ChatGPT and Internet Research for Clinical Research and Decision-Making in Occupational Medicine: Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR formative research · 2025Trial
- Educating minds with generative AI.Communications psychology · 2026Review
- Reporting efficiency in diagnostic imaging: Can plug-and-play general-purpose large language models outperform conventional speech recognition?European radiology · 2026Article
- Beyond faster reporting: risk-aware implementation of large language models in radiology.European radiology · 2026Article
- Value and Credibility of Meta-Analysis: Tutorial on Enhancing Methodological Rigor and AI-Powered Efficiency.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Article
- Does ChatGPT need a psychiatrist? Similarities between human psychopathology and errors in large language models.NPP - digital psychiatry and neuroscience · 2026Review
- Deficient executive control in transformer attention.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- Will AI Replace Physicians in the Near Future? AI Adoption Barriers in Medicine.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- A pragmatic workflow for integrating large language models into toxicological risk assessment.Frontiers in toxicology · 2026Article
- Article
- Large language models as cognitive shortcuts: a systems-theoretic reframing beyond bullshit.Frontiers in artificial intelligence · 2026Article
- The OB-GYN Take on GPT: Objective Assessment of Artificial Intelligence Models in Patient Education.Cureus · 2026Article
- Online Health-Seeking Behaviors and Information Needs Among Patients With Lymphoma in China: Study of Regional and Temporal Trends.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Automated analyses of risk of bias and critical appraisal of systematic reviews (ROBIS and AMSTAR 2): a comparison of the performance of 4 large language models.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2025Article
- Artificial General Intelligence and Its Threat to Public Health.Journal of evaluation in clinical practice · 2025Article
- Using Artificial Intelligence Tools as Second Reviewers for Data Extraction in Systematic Reviews: A Performance Comparison of Two AI Tools Against Human Reviewers.Cochrane evidence synthesis and methods · 2025Article
- Large Language Models and the Analyses of Adherence to Reporting Guidelines in Systematic Reviews and Overviews of Reviews (PRISMA 2020 and PRIOR).Journal of medical systems · 2025Article
- Gender Differences in the Use of ChatGPT as Generative Artificial Intelligence for Clinical Research and Decision-Making in Occupational Medicine.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Dall-E in hand surgery: Exploring the utility of ChatGPT image generation.Surgery open science · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.