ArticleAutism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research2023
Sex differences in the age of childhood autism diagnosis and the impact of co-occurring conditions.
Article in Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Exercise dose architecture as a precision-informed developmental framework in autism spectrum disorder: a narrative review of mechanisms, sex- and development-related heterogeneity, and clinical translation.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Experiences of females on the autism spectrum through the perspective of minority stress theory: a review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- "Stigma," Survival, and Intergenerational Cultural Influences: Latina Autistic Contributions Through Community-Engaged Research.OTJR : occupation, participation and health · 2026Article
- Initial diagnosis patterns of coexisting mental health and neurodevelopmental conditions in autistic children and youth: Evidence from a nationally representative sample in Canada.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Article
- Underdiagnosed and Misunderstood: Clinical Challenges and Educational Needs of Healthcare Professionals in Identifying Autism Spectrum Disorder in Women.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Balancing Interpretability and Flexibility in Modeling Diagnostic Trajectories with an Embedded Neural Hawkes Process Model.Proceedings of machine learning research · 2025Article
- Sex differences in psychiatric diagnoses preceding autism diagnosis and their stability post autism diagnosis.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Article
- Autism Digital Phenotyping in Preschool- and School-Age Children.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2025Article
- Sex-Differential Trajectories of Domain-Specific Associations Between Autistic Traits and Co-Occurring Emotional-Behavioral Concerns in Autistic Children.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2025Article
- Sex differences in the prevalence of common comorbidities in autism: a narrative review.Ewha medical journal · 2025Review
- Erroneous predictive coding across brain hierarchies in a non-human primate model of autism spectrum disorder.Communications biology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Sex differences in the age of autism diagnosis during childhood have been documented consistently but remain poorly understood. In this study, we used electronic health records data from a diverse, academic medical center to quantify differences in the age of autism diagnosis between boys and girls and identify associations between the age of diagnosis and co-occurring neurodevelopmental, psychiatric, and medical conditions. An established computable phenotype was used to identify all autism diagnoses within the Duke University Health System between 2014 and 2021. Co-occurring neurodevelopmental and psychiatric diagnoses as well as visits to specific medical and supportive services were identified in the 2 years prior to the autism diagnosis. Cox proportional hazards models were fitted to quantify associations between diagnosis age and sex with and without controlling for the presence of each co-occurring diagnosis and visit type. Records from 1438 individuals (1142 boys and 296 girls) were included. Girls were more likely to be diagnosed either before age 3 (
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