ArticleBMC biology2023
Lactoferrin deficiency during lactation increases the risk of depressive-like behavior in adult mice.
Article in BMC biology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lactoferrin Deficiency During Lactation Causes Adult Obesity-Related Metabolic Disease Through Persistent Adipose Dysfunction Driven by Impaired Adipocyte Development.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Early growth restriction disrupts mice intestinal clock and homeostasis without being prevented by lactoferrin.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Identification of Potential Key Biomarkers for Comorbid Depression and Obesity Through Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis and Experimental Verification.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Biopharming of Lactoferrin: Current Strategies and Future Prospects.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Effects of Lactation Lactoferrin Deficiency on Intestinal Microbiota in Different Mice Models.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Lactoferrin alleviates the adverse effects of early-life inflammation on depression in adults by regulating the activation of microglia.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Looking Inside of the Intestinal Permeability Regulation by Protein-Derivatives from Bovine Milk.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2024Review
- Investigating the modulatory effects of lactoferrin on depressed rats through 16S rDNA gene sequencing and LC-MS metabolomics analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLactoferrin is an active protein in breast milk that plays an important role in the growth and development of infants and is implicated as a neuroprotective agent. The incidence of depression is currently increasing, and it is unclear whether the lack of lactoferrin during lactation affects the incidence of depressive-like behavior in adulthood.
resultsLack of lactoferrin feeding during lactation affected the barrier and innate immune functions of the intestine, disrupted the intestinal microflora, and led to neuroimmune dysfunction and neurodevelopmental delay in the hippocampus. When exposed to external stimulation, adult lactoferrin feeding-deficient mice presented with worse depression-like symptoms; the mechanisms involved were activation of the LPS-TLR4 signalling pathway in the intestine and hippocampus, reduced BDNF-CREB signaling pathway in hippocampus, increased abundance of depression-related bacteria, and decreased abundance of beneficial bacteria.
conclusionsOverall, our findings reveal that lactoferrin feeding deficient during lactation can increase the risk of depressive-like behavior in adults. The mechanism is related to the regulatory effect of lactoferrin on the development of the "microbial-intestinal-brain" axis.
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